Ignition of Fuels by Rapid Compression

Taylor, Charles Fayette; Taylor, E. S.; Livengood, J. C.; Russell, W. A.; Leary, W A

doi:10.4271/500178

Cited by 36 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Even completely vaporized and premixed fuel does not autoignite instantaneously when brought to a high level of temperature and pressure, as demonstrated by Taylor et al (1950). The chemical delay results from the prereactions that precede autoignition.…”

Section: Combustionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diesel Particulates—What They Are and Why

Amann

Siegla

1982

Aerosol Science and Technology

110

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The diesel passenger car offers a substantial advantage Particulate production involves an incompletely unin fuel economy over its gasoline-powered counterpart, derstood series of phenomena that includes nucleation, hut the long-range future of the diesel in this application surface growth, agglomeration, dehydrogenation, oxiis threatened by future federal standards on exhaust dation, and adsorption and condensation of gaseous particulate emissions. These particulates are primarily hydrocarbons. The contemporary state of understandcombustion-generated carbonaceous soot in combinaing of these events is reviewed as they apply to the tion with a solventextractable hydrocarbon fraction. passenger-car diesel engine.

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Section: Combustionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diesel Particulates—What They Are and Why

Amann

Siegla

1982

Aerosol Science and Technology

110

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“…high energy density), near stoichiometric conditions relevant to SI engine knock, where trends in fuel reactivity at some select conditions were an initial focus. Substantial insights were contributed by a number of groups, including Jost et al at Philipps-Universität Marburg [64][65][66][67], Leary et al at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) [68,69], and Fish et al at Shell Thornton [70][71][72][73]. Griffiths et al at the University of Leeds [74][75][76][77][78] and Minetti et al at Université Lille Sciences et Technologies (ULST) [79][80][81][82][83][84] expanded upon these and acquired more quantitative datasets utilizing sophisticated diagnostics over a wider range of conditions.…”

Section: Rapid Compression Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As discussed earlier, the onset of autoignition and rate of heat release can be altered, intentionally (as in reciprocating engines) or unintentionally, by the presence of inhomogeneities, mixing, and turbulence in the combustion chamber. In many current RCMs, significant effort has been directed towards suppressing undesirable non-uniformities; some historical data indicate that when these non-uniformities are present substantial scatter can result [69]. Strategies to address these are covered in Section 2.…”

Section: Rapid Compression Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in rapid compression machine studies of low- and intermediate-temperature autoignition phenomena

Goldsborough

Hochgreb

Vanhove

et al. 2017

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

197

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Rapid compression machines (RCMs) are widely-used to acquire experimental insights into fuel autoignition and pollutant formation chemistry, especially at conditions relevant to current and future combustion technologies. RCM studies emphasize important experimental regimes, characterized by lowto intermediate-temperatures (600-1200 K) and moderate to high pressures (5-80 bar). At these conditions, which are directly relevant to modern combustion schemes including low temperature combustion (LTC) for internal combustion engines and dry low emissions (DLE) for gas turbine engines, combustion chemistry exhibits complex and experimentally challenging behaviors such as the chemistry attributed to cool flame behavior and the negative temperature coefficient regime. Challenges for studying this regime include that experimental observations can be more sensitive to coupled physicalchemical processes leading to phenomena such as mixed deflagrative/autoignitive combustion. Experimental strategies which leverage the strengths of RCMs have been developed in recent years to make RCMs particularly well suited for elucidating LTC and DLE chemistry, as well as convolved physicalchemical processes. Specifically, this work presents a review of experimental and computational efforts applying RCMs to study autoignition phenomena, and the insights gained through these efforts. A brief history of RCM development is presented towards the steady improvement in design, characterization, instrumentation and data analysis. Novel experimental approaches and measurement techniques, coordinated with computational methods are described which have expanded the utility of RCMs beyond empirical studies of explosion limits to increasingly detailed understanding of autoignition chemistry and the role of physical-chemical interactions. Fundamental insight into the autoignition chemistry of specific fuels is described, demonstrating the extent of knowledge of low-temperature chemistry derived from RCM studies, from simple hydrocarbons to multi-component blends and full-boiling range fuels. Emerging needs and further opportunities are suggested, including investigations of under-explored fuels and the implementation of increasingly higher fidelity diagnostics.

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“…9 would be moved upwards and to the right for ignition at shorter induction period. Recent work with rapid adiabatic compression machines (Taylor, Taylor, Livengood, Russell, and Leary, 1950) has demonstrated this quantitatively. A comparison of ignition limits at short heating times in engines (approximately 30 milliseconds for methane and 20 milliseconds for propane) for both fuels is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Fig 9 Ignition Limits Obtained By Static Experiments For Chmentioning

confidence: 89%

Comparative Studies of Methane and Propane as Engine Fuels

Moore

Roy

1956

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers

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The performance of a single-cylinder, high-speed, spark-ignition engine has been studied with gaseous methane and propane as fuels. The power output and thermal efficiencies have been determined at two compression ratios, 55/1 and loll. A comparison for the same engine using liquid fuels is given in Appendix I. Both fuels will knock at high compression ratios; the limits have been determined for all ignitable mixture ratios, and also the effect of inlet temperatures has been studied. Both fuels are 'temperature sensitive', the effect being most marked with methane. An experimental comparison has been made of the auto-ignition limits of both fuels by the motoredengine method. Both fuels have been shown to give a stable region of visible cool-flame-type pre-reaction below the temperature for complete ignition. Despite the differing ignition temperature and pressure relationship determined by static experiments, a close similarity is revealed by autoignition experiments in the engine. Possible explanations of the differing effects are considered. Infra-red absorption gas analysis has been used to detect the small quantities of methane in the exhaust gas surviving combustion. A very low and constant concentration of methane is present with fast-burning mixtures, owing, it is believed, to valve overlap and scavenge effects. As the rich and weak misture limits for steady running are approached unburnt methane increases in the exhaust, the effect being most marked near the weak limit. These effects are relevant to problems of atmospheric pollution from engixie exhausts, and also assist in assigning the fall in engine efficiency at weak mixtures primarily to combustion inefficiency.Both methane and propane are shown to be suitable fuels for high-compression-ratio gas engines. Consideration of the combustion properties of these two pure hydrocarbons of simple structure is also of interest in extending the understanding of the general problem of engine knock.

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Ignition of Fuels by Rapid Compression

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Diesel Particulates—What They Are and Why

Diesel Particulates—What They Are and Why

Advances in rapid compression machine studies of low- and intermediate-temperature autoignition phenomena

Comparative Studies of Methane and Propane as Engine Fuels

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