Ignition mechanism of the titanium–boron pyrotechnic mixture

Abstract

Titanium-boron pyrotechnic reactions are essentially gasless, are very exothermic, and are known to initiate only at extremely high temperatures. The reactants are stable in normal laboratory environments and require no special sample handling, such as inert storage. These factors make the titaniundboron mixture ideal for one-shot thermal heat source applications. Mound has been investigating energetic material ignition properties for a number of years. Pyrotechnic mixtures of TiH,/KCIO, have revealed that the surface composition of the titanium fuel was TiO, and its presence on the fuel's surface controls the TiH, + KCIO, reaction. In the present study the surface chemistry of titanium and of boron have been examined before ignition. To understand the effect of temperature on the reactants and the mixture, titanium powder, boron powder, and blends were analyzed at ambient and elevated temperatures. XPS, TG and DTA results presented will show that the oxide on boron is the controlling factor in the ignition mechanism of the titanium-boron pyrotechnic reaction.

A Novel Multielement, Multiphase, and B‐Containing SiOx Composite as a Stable Anode Material for Li‐Ion Batteries

“…Unlike for pristine SiO, the B 1s signal was unambiguously identified in the survey XPS spectra of the samples prepared from SiO– x LiBH 4 (Figure a). The high‐resolution B 1s spectra display two peaks at 192.4 and 187.4 eV (Figure b) that correspond to the binding energies of B 3+ in B 2 O 3 and B 0 , respectively . Moreover, the intensity of the peak at 187.5 eV is significantly higher than that of the peak at 192.0 eV, implying a higher content of elemental B relative to B 3+ in B 2 O 3 .…”

Microwave‐Assisted Surface Synthesis of a Boron–Carbon–Nitrogen Foam and its Desorption Enthalpy

“…Figure a shows the evolution of the B 1s XPS spectra with increased annealing temperature for samples microwave treated for 30 minutes. The spectra were fitted with three components centered at 193.0 eV, 191.6 eV, and 189.9 eV which correspond to boron oxide, boron nitride, and boron carbide, respectively 29–31. The figure shows a gradual replacement of boron oxide with boron nitride and boron carbide as the annealed temperature increases from 500 to 1100 °C.…”

Deposition of Gold Particles on Mesoporous Catalyst Supports by Sonochemical Method, and their Catalytic Performance for CO Oxidation

“…These XPS studies are in good agreement with the HRTEM observations, demonstrating the location of gold nanoparticles on the supports. For the titania mesoporous support, the binding energy of Ti 2p (459 eV) corresponds to the value of the XPS database reference for TiO 2 [33]. The band intensity of Ti 2p for the Fe 2 O 3 -TiO 2 (MSP) is lower than for the TiO 2 (MSP), but no shift is observed in its position (Fig.…”