Ignition characteristics of forest species in relation to thermal analysis data

Liodakis, S.; Bakirtzis, D.; Dimitrakopoulos, A. P.

doi:10.1016/s0040-6031(02)00077-1

Cited by 76 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Then, the mass residue decreases significantly and reaches 5% of its initial value at 500 °C. These mass residue changes are consistent with the TG analysis data [7,9]. The deviation that was sometimes observed at high temperatures (i.e., 400-500 °C) can be attributed to the parameter time, which becomes very important in the region of 0.0-0.5 h (Fig.…”

Section: Pyrolysis Of Pine Needles In Presence Of Retardants 553supporting

confidence: 88%

“…Consequently, the question is how important are for pyrolysis studies, factors such as sample quantity, particle size (surface area to volume) and phenomena associated with them such as mass transfer, diffusion and reaction time [1]. In recent work, thermal analysis data were correlated to flammability tests performed at lab-scale [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pyrolysis of Pinus halepensis needles treated with fire retardants

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The effect of various chemical fire retardants: (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , a commercial retardant contained 10% w/w phosphate salt, on the pyrolysis mass residue of Pinus halepensis needles was studied on preparative-scale. Samples of 2.00 g were treated under isothermal (400 °C and 500 °C) and non-isothermal conditions (50-500 °C), with pyrolysis time between 0.00-3.00 h. The results of this study were found similar with those obtained with much lower sample sizes (i.e., 6 mg) used in analytical methods such as Thermogravimetry (TG). The phosphate based retardants had the most significant action, under the experimental conditions used. However, the retarding effect was reduced, when the phosphate retardants were diluted in sea water. This might be attributed to the formation of insoluble salts (i.e., MgNH 4 PO 4 ). Such reactions might bind the active phosphates, thus reducing the fire retarding effect.Pinus halepensis / needles / pyrolysis / fire retardants / sea water Résumé -Pyrolyse du feuillage du pin d'Alep en présence de retardants du feu. On a étudié l'effet de retardants chimiques comme : (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , et d'un retardant commercial contenant 10 % w/w de sel phosphaté, sur la masse restante pendant la pyrolyse des aiguilles de Pinus halepensis, en quantités préparatoires. Des échantillons de 2,00 g ont été chauffés en conditions isothermes (400 °C et 500°C) et en conditions non isothermes (50 et 500 °C) avec un temps de pyrolyse compris entre 0,00 et 3,00 h. Les résultats sont similaires à ceux obtenus avec une masse plus petite (6 mg) comme les échantillons des méthodes analytiques (p.e., TG). Les retardants phosphatés ont une action plus importante dans notre expérimentation, mais leur action diminue quand on utilise l'eau de mer comme solvant. Ceci peut être attribué à la formation de sels insolubles comme MgNH 4 PO 4 . Une telle réaction pourrait lier le phosphore actif et diminuer l'effet retardant. pyrolyse / Pinus halepensis / aiguilles / retardants / eau de mer

show abstract

Section: Pyrolysis Of Pine Needles In Presence Of Retardants 553supporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis of Pinus halepensis needles treated with fire retardants

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A rapid reduction of the weight of the control samples between the range of 300 °C to 430 °C was observed. This effect was attributed to the decomposition of hemicelluloses and cellulose that form char and volatile gases, such as CO, CO2, CH4, and CH3OH (Liodakis et al 2002). Figure 4 shows that the lowest O2 concentration from the control samples was 16.1%; however, the lowest O2 concentration from the coated particleboards was 16.5%.…”

Section: Fig 3 Average Temperatures Of Particleboards During Combusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Coating with Calcite together with Various Fire Retardants on the Fire Properties of Particleboard

Özdemir

Tutuş

2016

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fire properties of particleboard coated with calcite and a variety of fireretardants (FR) was investigated. Four different chemicals, boric acid (BA), borax (BX), dolomite (DOL), and melamine (MEL), were added at the concentration of 1.0%, 3.0%, and 5.0% by oven-dry weight of calcite. The particleboard panels were tested according to the ASTM-E 69 standard to investigate their fire-retardant properties. The determination of weight loss, temperature, and the release of O2, CO, and NO by the samples was measured and recorded over 30 s intervals during combustion of the materials. The results indicated that the BA coatings exhibited better thermal stability than the other chemicals. Consequently, the lowest weight loss and temperature was found for specimens treated with 5.0% BA. These chemicals were effective relative to the fire properties of coated particleboard surfaces, depending on the type and ratio of the chemicals to the calcite.

show abstract

“…The autoignition delay time tests were performed with a custom-made apparatus, described in details elsewhere [15]. The furnace had internal dimensions 12.7 cm × 10.2 cm × 15.2 cm and temperature control within 1 • C. The samples, in the form of cylindrical pellets of 1 g, were dropped into a porcelain plate of 8 cm diameter, located at the bottom of the oven chamber, through a circular opening from the top of the furnace.…”

Section: Apparatus For Autoignition Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoignition and thermogravimetric analysis of forest species treated with fire retardants

2003

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spontaneous ignition tests of various forest species were performed with a specifically designed apparatus. The forest species selected: Arbutus andrachne, Cistus incanus, Pinus brutia, Pinus halepensis, Cupressus sempervirens, Pistacia lentiscus, Abies cephalonica are very common in the Mediterranean region which is frequently devastated by forest fires. The same tests were performed in the presence of 20% (w/w) (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 (DAP) and 20% (w/w) (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 (AS). The presence of DAP and AS prolonged the ignition delay time and this effect was more pronounced at low temperatures (i.e. <530 • C). The autoignition delay properties of forest fuels treated with retardants were related to thermal analysis data obtained by thermogravimetry in nitrogen atmosphere. It was determined that the fire retardants shift the DTG major weight loss peaks of fuel to lower temperatures and increase the pyrolysis mass residue.

show abstract

Ignition characteristics of forest species in relation to thermal analysis data

Cited by 76 publications

References 18 publications

Pyrolysis of Pinus halepensis needles treated with fire retardants

Pyrolysis of Pinus halepensis needles treated with fire retardants

Effects of Coating with Calcite together with Various Fire Retardants on the Fire Properties of Particleboard

Autoignition and thermogravimetric analysis of forest species treated with fire retardants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About