Ignition Behavior of Bio-Coke (Highly Densified Biomass Fuel) in High-Temperature Air Flows

Ito, Hiroyuki; Sakai, Yuto; Ida, Tamio; Nakamura, Yuji; Fujita, Osamu

doi:10.1299/jtst.6.111

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As a result, new energy sources, which are renewable and environmentally friendly, have attracted interest. Biomass energy technology amongst others is a promising option (1,2) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Intra-Particle Heat Transfer and Tar Decomposition during Pyrolysis of Wood Biomass

Okekunle

Pattanotai

Watanabe

et al. 2011

JTST

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Pyrolysis of cylindrical woody biomass has been investigated both numerically and experimentally with emphasis on intra-particle heat transfer and tar decompostion. In experiment, wood cylinder of 8 mm diameter and 9 mm length was pyrolyzed in an infrared reactor exposed to both convective and radiative heat fluxes in argon environment. The final reactor temperature was 973 K, and heating rate was 5, 10 and 30 K/s. Three K-type thermocouples were located in the sample to measure intra-particle temperature history. The weight fraction history and intra-particle temperature profiles were measured at different runs. Tar was obtained at a cold trap. In calculation, a two-dimensional, unsteady state single particle model was developed and used to simulate the pyrolysis process. Wood cylinder was modeled as an isotropic porous solid. Solid mass conservation equations were solved by using first-order Euler Implicit Method. Gas phase mass conservation equations and energy conservation equation were discretised by finite volume method. In order to investigate the effect of intra-particle heat transfer, simulations were carried out, first, by considering temperature gradient and second, by assuming uniform temperature within the sample. When temperature gradient was considered, simulation results were in good agreement with experimental data. When uniform intra-particle temperature was used in the simulation, simulation results were quite different from experimental measurements, the degree of difference increasing with increase in heating rate. Both calculation and experiment showed tar yield decreased with increasing heating rate. This was because tar formation reaction and intra-particle tar decomposition reactions were enhanced by increase in heating rate but the latter was dominant. It was shown that intra-particle heat transfer and tar decomposition played an important role in pyrolysis characteristics of wood cylinder.

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“…As a result, new energy sources, which are renewable and environmentally friendly, have attracted interest. Biomass energy technology amongst others is a promising option (1,2) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Intra-Particle Heat Transfer and Tar Decomposition during Pyrolysis of Wood Biomass

Okekunle

Pattanotai

Watanabe

et al. 2011

JTST

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“…Though BIC is used as a carbon-neutral alternative to coal-coke, its overall benefits, including the environmental impacts associated with its production processes such as CO 2 emission, remain unknown. In fact, most previous research has focused only on the environmental aspects of using raw materials to make bio-energy products [9][10][11][12] and on BIC's physical and scientific characteristics as a fuel [13][14][15]. For example, Uchiyama et al [16] estimated the CO 2 emission reduction attainable by using BIC as a substitute fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of effect on CO2 emission reduction and cost estimation for the use of Bio-coke: a case study of Osaka, Japan

Fuchigami

Hara

Kita³

et al. 2015

J Wood Sci

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Bio-coke (BIC) is drawing attention as a coalcoke substitute in industry. Though BIC can be used as a carbon-neutral fuel, its overall benefits, including the environmental impacts associated with its production processes and its merits as an alternative fuel, remain unknown. In this study, we investigate the overall impacts and benefits related to BIC production processes and alternative fuel applications by looking into the case of Takatsuki in Osaka Prefecture, the only commercial BIC plant in Japan. Based on the system boundary set, we calculated CO 2 emissions per ton of BIC associated with its manufacturing and transportation processes to be 1.01 t CO 2 . CO 2 emission from electricity consumed in the process was found to be the largest, accounting for 74.7 % of total emission. The analyses also revealed that using one ton of BIC as alternative fuel in industry instead of coalcoke could result in avoiding 2.16 tons of CO 2 emissions, showing a clear environmental benefit. While BIC's calorific value is almost same as pellet's, BIC had higher gross margin and energy density than pellet produced in the same facility. These findings enhance the merits of producing BIC from wood biomass and could lead the way to revitalizing forestry in Japan.

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“…Pelletizing and briquetting biomass to increase energy density are well-known densification methods that have been available for a long time. Meanwhile, biocoke has been introduced recently to partially substitute coal coke in the metal casting process [1]. This highly densified biomass is produced from biomass or municipal waste with high temperature and pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of biocoke from microalgae powder

Ang

Koesoemadinata

Khudzari

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Biocoke has been invented to replace commercial coke in order to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels. However, the main target of the feedstock has been limited to plant and wood biomass, while algal biomass is rarely used. This work evaluated four microalgae species: Chlorella, Nannochloropsis, Diatoms, and Aurantiochytrium as the feedstocks to produce biocokes. The production of the biocoke was set to 100°C at 20 MPa for 6 mins 20 secs. Based on visual observation, the color of the biocokes produced was darker than the microalgae powder due to the Maillard reaction. This study suggested that the Chlorella and Nannochloropsis biocoke have the potential to produce the biocoke due to their oleaginous characteristic. Nannochloropsis had a higher apparent density than Chlorella biocoke. However, the Chlorella had a higher compression strength of 37.55MPa, compared to Nannochloropsis (27.70MPa). Meanwhile, Aurantiochythrium biocoke had an irregular shape and was sticky due to the high lipid content in the species. The Diatoms biocoke was hard but chalky due to its silica shell on the microalgae cell. Therefore, the Aurantiochythrium and Diatoms were not suitable for producing the biocokes.

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Ignition Behavior of Bio-Coke (Highly Densified Biomass Fuel) in High-Temperature Air Flows

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Intra-Particle Heat Transfer and Tar Decomposition during Pyrolysis of Wood Biomass

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Intra-Particle Heat Transfer and Tar Decomposition during Pyrolysis of Wood Biomass

Analysis of effect on CO2 emission reduction and cost estimation for the use of Bio-coke: a case study of Osaka, Japan

Production of biocoke from microalgae powder

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