Ignition and combustion behaviour of vegetable oils after injection in a constant volume combustion chamber

Emberger, Peter; Hebecker, D.; Pickel, Peter; Remmele, Edgar; Thuneke, Klaus

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.04.009

Cited by 45 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Density of sunflower oil was higher in contrast to extra virgin olive oil sample. Similar results for sunflower oil were obtained by Emberger et al (2015), San José et al (2015, and for olive oil by Tanilgan et al (2007). Table 1 Coefficients A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H of regression equations (4, 5, 6 and 7) and coefficients of determinations (R 2 )…”

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confidence: 86%

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Selected Physical Properties Assessment of Sunflower and Olive Oils

Hlaváč

Božíková

Petrović

2019

Acta Technologica Agriculturae

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Presented paper is focused on comparison of certain physical properties of selected vegetable oils. Physical properties, such as density, dynamic, kinematic viscosity and fluidity, were experimentally determined. All experiments were conducted on two samples of vegetable oils: sunflower and extra virgin olive oils with approximate temperature range of 5–32 °C. Density of oils was determined by oscillation method utilizing digital densimeter Anton Paar DMA 4500M at different temperatures. Dynamic viscosity was measured by means of rotational viscometer Anton Paar DV-3P. The rest of rheological parameters were determined on the basis of their definitions. Obtained results are depicted as graphical dependencies of rheological parameters and density on temperature. These dependencies of vegetable oils on dynamic and kinematic viscosity showed decreasing exponential shape, which is in compliance with Arrhenius equation; temperature dependencies on fluidity showed an increasing exponential shape for both samples. Density dependencies of samples on temperature were characteristic with decreasing linear function within measured temperature range. Similar results were achieved by other researchers. On the basis of measured values, it is evident that dynamic viscosity of extra virgin olive oil shows higher values than sunflower oil viscosity, which is a result of different composition of oils.

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confidence: 86%

“…2). Several other authors (Emberger et al, 2015;San José et al, 2015;Tanilgan et al, 2007) achieved similar results for density of vegetable oils.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Selected Physical Properties Assessment of Sunflower and Olive Oils

Hlaváč

Božíková

Petrović

2019

Acta Technologica Agriculturae

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“…In this temperature range, a linear decreasing function was used. The same type of dependency was used also by other authors (Tanilgan et al, 2007;Thomas et al, 2015;Emberger et al, 2015;San José et al, 2015). All the regression coefficients and coefficients of determination are presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the selected factors on the liquid food density

Hlaváč¹,

Božíková²,

Ardonová³

et al. 2018

J Proc Ener Agri

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The density of materials can be used for assessing their quality. The density of food materials depends on temperature and is caused by thermal expansion during heating. The density of a material is defined as a ratio between the mass of the material and its volume at the same temperature. One of the most exact methods for measuring liquid density is the pycnometric method. Measurements of materials density could also be performed using hydrometers or densimeters, where the exact value of density can be discerned on the hydrometer scale or on the display of measurement devices. During our experiments, we used two methods of density determination: pycnometric method and determination by a densimeter Mettler Toledo DM 40. Measurements were performed in the approximate temperature range (0 -30) °C. The effect of various parameters (such as temperature, fat content, alcohol content and short storing time) on the density of the material was analysed in this paper. A linear decreasing character was applied for temperature dependencies of the sample density in the measured temperature range. The highest fat content of milk caused the lowest density, whereas lower fat contents (less than 1.5 %) were not consistent with this proportion due to different amounts of proteins in the measured samples of milk. The effect of the alcohol content on density had to be investigated alongside the material composition (wine, whisky and piña colada). The density values obtained were a bit higher after a short storage period due to the water loss during storage. REZIME Gustina materijala može se koristiti za procenu njegovog kvaliteta. Gustina prehrambenih materijala zavisi od temperature i izazvana je toplotnom ekspanzijom tokom zagrevanja. Gustina materijala je definisana kao odnos mase materijala i zapremina pri istoj temperaturi. Jedna od najtačnijih metoda merenja tečnosti je piknometrijska metoda. Merenje gustine materijala, takođe, može se obaviti pomoću hidrometara ili densimetara , pri čemu se tačna vrednost gustine može očitati na skali hidrometra ili na displeju mernih uređaja. Tokom eksperimenata korišćene su dve metode određivanja gustine: piknometrijska metoda i određivanje denzimetarom Mettler Toledo DM 40. Merenja su obavljena u približnom temperaturnom opsegu (0 -30) °C. U radu je analiziran efekat različitih parametara (kao što su temperatura tečnosti, sadržaj masti, sadržaj alkohola i kratko vreme čuvanja) na gustinu materijala. Linearno smanjenje karaktera je primenjeno za zavisnost gustine od temperature u mernom opsegu temperature. Najveći sadržaj masnoće u mleku uzrokovao je najmanju gustinu, dok sadržaj masnoće (manje od 1,5%) nije bio u skladu sa ovim sadržajem, zbog različitih količina proteina u izmerenim uzorcima mleka . Efekat sadržaja alkohola na gustinu moraose ispitati uz sastav materijala (vino, viski i pina kolada). Dobijene vrednosti gustine su bile malo veće nakon kratkog vremena skladištenja usled gubitka vode tokom skladištenja.

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“…The minimum requirements are determined for pure rapeseed oil as a fuel (R100) in the fuel standard DIN 51605 [6] and generally for pure plant oil as a fuel (also called straight vegetable oil fuel) in DIN 51623 [7]. Besides the high energy density, R100 is characterised by a higher viscosity, higher density, higher surface tension, higher oxygen content and different ignition behaviour compared to diesel fuel, which leads to a different behaviour in the fuel injection system and combustion chamber [8][9][10][11][12]. To take these different properties into account, some modifications of conventional diesel engine systems have to be performed [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of pure rapeseed oil as a renewable fuel for agricultural machinery based on emission characteristics and long-term operation behaviour of a fleet of 18 tractors

et al. 2020

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The usage of locally produced pure rapeseed oil fuel (R100) according to fuel standard DIN 51605 in agricultural machinery can contribute to protecting the climate, water, and soil. Besides economic aspects, uncertainties concerning the long-term operation reliability and limited exhaust emissions of R100-operated agricultural machinery are hindering market entry. Thus, the aim of this research is to evaluate field experiences, such as downtimes and repairs, engine oil quality, and cold start behaviour, over a total period of more than 50,000 operation hours with 18 tractors. The tested tractors range from European Union exhaust gas stages I to IV and were configured for the use of R100. Additionally, performance, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter were measured on a tractor test stand. The tractors demonstrated their full functionality under usual Bavarian farm conditions in daily use. Within the tractor fleet, no serious engine damage was observed, while minor malfunctions and necessary repairs occurred just occasionally. The operational reliability of the tested rapeseed-oil-fuelled tractors seemed to be comparable to that of diesel-fuelled tractors. The results of recurrent power and fuel consumption measurements gave no indication of engine deterioration. Furthermore, measurements proved that differences in exhaust gas emissions between R100 and diesel operation were marginal. Tractor models with exhaust gas after treatment systems were characterized by low emissions of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter in particular. With the 18 tractors running on R100, about 220 tonnes of CO2eq per year were saved on average from 2015 to 2017. It can be concluded that the usage of pure rapeseed oil fuel (R100) in compatible agricultural machinery is an implementable alternative to diesel fuel and can make an important contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture. Nevertheless, there are some challenges to solve, particularly for modern agricultural machines with engines with exhaust gas aftertreatment systems.

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Ignition and combustion behaviour of vegetable oils after injection in a constant volume combustion chamber

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

Selected Physical Properties Assessment of Sunflower and Olive Oils

Selected Physical Properties Assessment of Sunflower and Olive Oils

Influence of the selected factors on the liquid food density

Evaluation of pure rapeseed oil as a renewable fuel for agricultural machinery based on emission characteristics and long-term operation behaviour of a fleet of 18 tractors

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