Ignition advancement study for optimized characteristics of a raw biogas operated spark ignition engine

Hotta, Santosh Kumar; Sahoo, Niranjan; Mohanty, Kaustubha

doi:10.1080/15435075.2018.1544901

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Higher ratios resulted in higher brake thermal efficiency. Hotta et al 9 used biogas (CH 4 : 55.6%, CO 2 : 42.3%, and N 2 : 2.1%) in a SI engine and evaluated the effects of ignition timing on engine performance. Under fuel-lean conditions (equivalence ratio between 0.81 and 0.83), the CO concentration in the exhaust flue gas was less than 0.2% and the NO x concentration was less than 250 ppmv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollutant Formation during Utilization of Renewable Natural Gas Containing Trace Ammonia Impurities

Zhao

Cao

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Renewable natural gas (RNG), produced from biogas upgrading, is an important alternative to fossil fuels. Unfortunately, RNG contains several trace contaminants, one being NH 3 , of particular concern for RNG produced from farming operations. The presence of NH 3 in RNG, particularly if it is injected into the natural gas (NG) pipeline network, could have serious consequences, ranging from damage to the NG infrastructure, to corrosion of the end-user equipment, and increased pollutant formation during combustion. This paper is part of a broader investigation studying all such impacts, the focus here being pollutant emissions. Two common end-user equipment were tested: An internal combustion engine and a household water heater, both operating with NG injected with NH 3 with concentrations ranging from 0 to 500 ppmv. Emissions studied included unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), CO, and nitrogen oxides (NO x ), the latter being of key concern. The presence of NH 3 resulted in increased NO x emissions for both equipment. For the water heater, the relationship between the amount of NO x formed and the NH 3 concentration was quantitative: For every molecule of NH 3 fed to the water heater, one molecule of NO x was additionally produced. However, for the engine a lower quantity of NO x was formed, to that corresponding to complete conversion. The results with both devices are significant, indicating the need for thorough RNG purification prior to its injection into the NG network.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollutant Formation during Utilization of Renewable Natural Gas Containing Trace Ammonia Impurities

Zhao

Cao

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…(see, e.g., [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]). (e) Biogas exhaust gases components and emissions levels (see, e.g., [40][41][42][43][44]). (f) Improvement of biogas engine performance by means of Waste Heat Recovery Units -WHRU (see, e.g., [45]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Italian Biogas Plants: Trend, Subsidies, Cost, Biogas Composition and Engine Emissions

Benato

Macor

2019

Energies

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Italy is one of the leading nations in the biogas sector. Agricultural, landfill, sewage and manure substrates are converted into biogas using anaerobic digestion and, then, into electricity and heat by means of properly arranged internal combustion engines. In this study, after an overview of the European context, the authors present the Italian biogas sector status in terms of development trends and factors that favour/block biogas spread. Despite the fact that biogas is a renewable fuel and a consolidate technology, it is mandatory to examine its real costs, biogas composition and engine combustion products. For this purpose, in the present work, the authors selected six in-operation biogas plants fed by different substrates, investigate plants construction and operation costs and measure both biogas and engine emissions compositions. Biogas status analysis shows a high growth rate until the end of 2012 due to generous Government subsidies while, after supports reduction, a continuous depletion of biogas installations is observed. Alongside the development, established supports overlook also the plant size as well as the cost. In fact, the most widespread plant nameplate electric power is 1 MW while its construction cost ranges between 4.2–4.8 millions of Euros. Real on-site measurements show variable biogas composition while engine emissions are comparable with the natural gas ones.

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“…Biogas from farming operations, wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), and landfills is a valuable renewable energy resource. , Several reports exist on internal combustion (IC) engines operating with biogas as well as its mixtures with other gas and liquid fuels, − showing that it is feasible to utilize biogas for power generation. Currently, numerous biogas-based power plants are in operation worldwide , that mostly, however, utilize biogas at their production site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Trace Ammonia Impurities on the Utilization of Renewable Natural Gas

Zhao

Shi

Gong

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Renewable natural gas (RNG), produced from biogas upgrading, is an important alternative to fossil fuels for power generation. Unfortunately, RNG contains several trace contaminants that may be harmful to the existing infrastructure for its transport and use. One such contaminant is ammonia (NH3), of particular concern for RNG produced from farming operations. The presence of NH3 in RNG, particularly if it is injected into the natural gas (NG) pipeline network, can have serious consequences. These can range from damage to components of the NG infrastructure to corrosion of analytical and end-user equipment and added pollutant formation during combustion. This research project addresses all these impacts. Its objectives were (i) to investigate the potential corrosion effects of NH3 on typical pipeline materials during their exposure to RNG derived from biogas and processed to meet pipeline NG quality specifications, (ii) to study the environmental impacts and other concerns during combustion of NH3-containing RNG for power and energy production, and (iii) to analyze the potential impact of NH3-containing RNG on the performance of analytical equipment commonly used during NG distribution and end-use. This paper describes the work performed and the key findings in each of these areas.

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Ignition advancement study for optimized characteristics of a raw biogas operated spark ignition engine

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Pollutant Formation during Utilization of Renewable Natural Gas Containing Trace Ammonia Impurities

Pollutant Formation during Utilization of Renewable Natural Gas Containing Trace Ammonia Impurities

Italian Biogas Plants: Trend, Subsidies, Cost, Biogas Composition and Engine Emissions

Impact of Trace Ammonia Impurities on the Utilization of Renewable Natural Gas

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