IgG subclasses: Development of the serum concentrations in “normal” infants and children

Morell, A.; Skvaril, F; Hitzig, W. H.; Barandun, S

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(72)80007-6

Cited by 134 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The staggered production of different subclasses merely demonstrates the complexity of neonatal development; IgG3 and IgG1 appear before IgG4 and IgG2. 22,23 These results are supported by in vitro studies that investigated IgG subclass production in normal children of various ages. 3 Previous studies clearly indicated that the in vitro induction of IgG subclass is markedly affected by the specific stimulus used, including PWM, [24][25][26] SAC, 25,27 LPS, 25,28 EBV, 25 CD3 antibody, 15 phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) with mouse thymoma cell lines (EL4), 29 and CD40 antibody.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Role of interleukin‐2 and interferon‐γ in inducing production of IgG subclasses in lymphocytes of human newborns

Kawano

Noma

1996

Immunology

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Unlike lymphocytes from adults, lymphocytes from cord blood of neonates cannot synthesize immunoglobulin G (IgG) in response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM). By using this mitogen in concert with interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), or interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), we studied the induction of IgG subclass molecules in lymphocytes of human neonates. IFN‐γ induced a limited, but substantial, enhancement of IgG2 production by neonatal lymphocytes. IL‐2 dose dependently increased the production of each neonatal IgG subclass, whereas IL‐6 did not. However, in adult lymphocytes, and under specific conditions, IL‐6 or IL‐2 each increased the production of all four IgG subclasses. Early in the culture IFN‐γ synergized with IL‐2 during the latter or whole culture period to enhance cord blood IgG2 levels. This finding contrasted with the adult IgG2 synthesis synergistically up‐regulated by IFN‐γ and IL‐6. IL‐2 caused a graded increase in immunoglobulin production in neonatal lymphocytes with IgG3 being the highest and IgG2 the lowest, thus corresponding to the differential increase of serum levels of IgG3/IgG1 and IgG4/IgG2 early in childhood. Results suggest that IL‐2, but not IL‐6, is critical to the development of human IgG subclass production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Role of interleukin‐2 and interferon‐γ in inducing production of IgG subclasses in lymphocytes of human newborns

Kawano

Noma

1996

Immunology

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“…We speculated that the need to lower the cutoff level might have been due to the fact that the children were 10 years of age, while the patients were adults. It was, however, uncertain whether 10 years of age would still necessitate an agecorrelated cutoff level, since at that age children have reached adult IgG concentrations (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay forHelicobacter pyloriNeeds Adjustment for the Population Investigated

et al. 2004

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Helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease are common in developing countries, e.g., Vietnam. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for screening of patients and for seroepidemiology is a useful tool but needs to be validated in the population studied. We used in-house ELISA with sonicated Swedish and Vietnamese strains as antigens to measure immunoglobulin G antibodies after absorption with sonicated Campylobacter jejuni in sera from 270 H. pylori culture-confirmed peptic ulcer patients, 128 Swedish ureabreath test and immunoblot-positive healthy controls, and 432 Vietnamese immunoblot-positive population controls. Sonicated whole-cell antigen based on the local strains showed a significantly better performance. Immunoblot-positive peptic ulcer patients had significantly higher antibody concentrations than immunoblotpositive population controls, necessitating a lower cutoff level if serology is used for screening or epidemiological purposes. The study shows that the parameters of ELISA for H. pylori need to be adjusted for the population being investigated.

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“…28 Previous studies of maternal-infant IgG subclasses to various pathogens demonstrated higher levels of IgG1, lower levels of IgG2, and equivalent levels of IgG3 and IgG4 in maternal sera compared with that of their infants. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] These differences may partly explain the susceptibility of newborns to various pathogens or antigens, such as anti-tetanus toxoid and anti-streptococcal carbohydrate, which bind predominantly to IgG1 and IgG2, respectively. 37,38 In this study, transfer of dengue-specific IgG1 and IgG2 was found to be more efficient than that of IgG3 and IgG4; however, only IgG3 was shown to be significantly higher in the maternal sera than in the cord sera.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplacentally Transferred Maternal-Infant Antibodies to Dengue Virus

Watanaveeradej

Endy²,

Samakoses³

et al. 2003

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Antibodies of all four dengue virus serotypes were detected by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) in 97% of 2,000 infants' cord sera at the time of delivery. In comparison with 250 mother-infant's paired sera, we found that 53% of the infants' serum HI titers were higher than those of the mother's. The mother/infant IgG subclasses 1, 2, 3, and 4 titers were 53.1/87.0, 8.4/11.7, 0.14/0.11, and 1.1/1.0 mg/dL, respectively. In 18 months of follow-up of 100 infants studied, we observed that antibody to dengue virus disappeared in 3% by two months of age, in 19% by four months of age, in 72% by six months of age, in 99% by nine months of age, and in 100% by 12 months of age, with a half-life of 41 days. We conclude that the antibodies to dengue virus disappeared in the first year of life. We suggest that the most appropriate age for vaccination with a live-attenuated dengue vaccine in an endemic area is one year of age.

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IgG subclasses: Development of the serum concentrations in “normal” infants and children

Cited by 134 publications

References 11 publications

Role of interleukin‐2 and interferon‐γ in inducing production of IgG subclasses in lymphocytes of human newborns

Role of interleukin‐2 and interferon‐γ in inducing production of IgG subclasses in lymphocytes of human newborns

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay forHelicobacter pyloriNeeds Adjustment for the Population Investigated

Transplacentally Transferred Maternal-Infant Antibodies to Dengue Virus

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