IgG Subclass of Human Serum Antibodies Reactive with Dietary Proteins

Barnes, R. M. R.; Harvey, Marjorie M.; Blears, Janet; Finn, Robert; Johnson, Patricia R.

doi:10.1159/000234123

Cited by 43 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…One theory is that serum IgG antibodies reactive with different dietary proteins have been detected in a significant proportion of adult patients with CD and dermatitis herpetiformis. Moreover, atopic eczema and the protective antibody IgG4 anti-gliadin antibodies were less prevalent in the serum of patients with CD than in healthy controls, suggesting defective downstream switching of Ig heavy-chain genes in these conditions [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Serologic Screening of Celiac Disease in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2018

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Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder associated with increased risk of additional autoimmune diseases (ADs) as celiac disease (CD). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CDs in a population of diabetic children along with the presence of any suggestive clinical signs and symptoms of CD and any effects of CD on the patients' diabetic control and growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Serologic Screening of Celiac Disease in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2018

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“…T1D patients have antibodies against different wheat proteins in the absence of CD. 48,49 Although it could be taken as a secondary phenomenon related to increased intestinal permeability, recent studies concerning immunological crossreactivity between wheat proteins and self-proteins in T1D 50 suggest that autoimmune reactions to unknown antigenic proteins in intestinal mucosa might also be involved in small-bowel mucosa destruction in some T1D patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Celiac disease in patients with type 1 diabetes: a condition with distinct changes in intestinal immunity?

et al. 2011

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Two common chronic childhood diseases-celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D)-result from complex pathological mechanisms where genetic susceptibility, environmental exposure, alterations in intestinal permeability and immune responses play central roles. In this study, we investigated whether these characteristics were universal for CD independently of T1D association. For this purpose, we studied 36 children with normal small-bowel mucosa and 26 children with active CD, including 12 patients with T1D. In samples from the small-bowel mucosa, we detected the lowest expression of tight junction protein 1 (TJP1) mRNA in CD patients with T1D, indicating an increase in intestinal permeability. Furthermore, these samples displayed the highest expression of forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) mRNA, a marker for regulatory T cells, as compared with other patient groups. At the same time, serum levels of IgA antibodies specific for the CD-related antigens deamidated gliadin and tissue transglutaminase (tTG) were the highest in CD patients with T1D. In contrast, no significant differences were found in IgA or IgG antibodies specific for bovine beta-lactoglobulin or Bifidobacterium adolescentis DSM 20083-derived proteins. There were also no differences in the transamidating activity of serum autoantibodies between patients and control individuals. Our results show that patients with T1D and newly detected CD exhibit severely altered intestinal permeability, strong local immune activation and increased immunoregulatory mechanisms in the small bowel. Further study is required to determine whether these extreme changes in this CD subgroup are due to some specific environmental factors (virus infections), unknown genetic effects or autoimmune reactions to antigenic targets in intracellular tight junctions. INTRODUCTIONWith an approximate prevalence of 1.0% in Western countries, celiac disease (CD) is one of the most common lifelong chronic disorders. 1 CD and type 1 diabetes (T1D) form a significant sector of childhood diseases with high rate of co-occurrence. 2 Both diseases are autoimmune in origin and develop as a result of complex pathological mechanisms, involving several common genetic, environmental and immunological factors. Among these, the common susceptibility loci of HLA and other immune system-related genes, 3 permeability changes in the small-bowel mucosa, 4 and association with wheat consumption 4,5 are prominent. Both diseases are increasing in most regions of the world, 6,7 as are several other autoimmune diseases, but the actual cause of the disease remains unknown. However, several recent studies have highlighted the role of environmental and social changes that have taken place over the last several decades. 8,9 The central event in the pathogenesis of CD is damage to the small intestinal mucosa that occurs after ingestion of gluten or related prolamins in genetically susceptible individuals. During this process, several morphological and immunological alterations have been demonstrated in the small-bowel mucos...

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“…It is therefore possible that adverse reactions in IBD might be due to some reactions mediated by IgG antibodies, which characteristically give a more delayed response following exposure to a particular antigen [11] and have been implicated in some cases of food hypersensitivity [12][13][14] . However, this mechanism is controversial and is considered to be physiological [15][16][17] , as IgG food antibodies can be present in apparently healthy individuals [18,19] . It has been assumed that chronic inflammation in IBD is due to an imbalance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms like regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells (T regs ) [20][21][22] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Relevance of IgG Antibodies against Food Antigens in Crohn’s Disease: A Double-Blind Cross-Over Diet Intervention Study

et al. 2010

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Background: Environmental factors are thought to play an important role in the development of Crohn's disease (CD). Immune responses against auto-antigens or food antigens may be a reason for the perpetuation of inflammation. Methods: In a pilot study, 79 CD patients and 20 healthy controls were examined for food immunoglobulin G (IgG). Thereafter, the clinical relevance of these food IgG antibodies was assessed in a double-blind cross-over study with 40 patients. Based on the IgG antibodies, a nutritional intervention was planned. The interferon (IFN) secretion of T cells was measured. Eosinophilderived neurotoxin was quantified in stool. Results: The pilot study resulted in a significant difference of IgG antibodies in serum between CD patients and healthy controls. In 84 and 83% of the patients, respectively, IgG antibodies against processed cheese and yeast were detected. The daily stool frequency significantly decreased by 11% during a specific diet compared with a sham diet. Abdominal pain reduced and general well-being improved. IFN secretion of T cells increased. No difference for eosinophilderived neurotoxin in stool was detected. Conclusion: A nutritional intervention based on circulating IgG antibodies against food antigens showed effects with respect to stool frequency. The mechanisms by which IgG antibodies might contribute to disease activity remain to be elucidated. clusion: A nutritional intervention based on circulating IgG antibodies against food antigens showed effects with respect to stool frequency. The mechanisms by which IgG antibodies might contribute to disease activity remain to be elucidated.

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IgG Subclass of Human Serum Antibodies Reactive with Dietary Proteins

Cited by 43 publications

References 13 publications

Serologic Screening of Celiac Disease in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

Serologic Screening of Celiac Disease in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

Celiac disease in patients with type 1 diabetes: a condition with distinct changes in intestinal immunity?

Clinical Relevance of IgG Antibodies against Food Antigens in Crohn’s Disease: A Double-Blind Cross-Over Diet Intervention Study

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