IGF-I increases the recruitment of GLUT4 and GLUT3 glucose transporters on cell surface in hyperthyroidism

Dimitriadis, George; Maratou, Eirini; Boutati, Eleni; Tsegka, Katerina; Alevizaki, Maria; Peppa, Μelpomeni; Raptis, Sotirios A.; Hadjidakis, D.

doi:10.1530/eje-07-0532

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This is in line with the results of earlier studies in patients with HR [5,7]. The increased expression of the GLUT3 and GLUT4 glucose transporters at the baseline insulin levels reflects the ability of monocytes to 'cope' with the increased rate of metabolism associated with this condition [4].…”

Section: Insulin Resistance In Thyroid Diseasesupporting

confidence: 91%

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Insulinooporność a choroby tarczycy

Gierach¹,

Gierach²,

Junik³

2014

Endokrynologia Polska

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Insulin resistance is defined as a glucose homeostasis disorder involving a decreased sensitivity of muscles, adipose tissue, liver and other body tissues to insulin, despite its normal or increased concentration in blood. Insulin resistance may be asymptomatic or occur presenting a variety of disorders, such as: glucose tolerance impairment, type 2 diabetes, as well as hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, obesity, and arterial hypertension. Insulin acts via specific receptors present on the surface of most cells of the body. The greatest number of these receptors is found on adipocytes, hepatocytes and striated muscle cells. There are three mechanisms of insulin resistance: pre-receptor, receptor and post-receptor. Multiple methods of assessing insulin resistance are based on the concurrent measurements of glucose and insulin levels in blood serum. The glucose and insulin measurements are conducted in baseline conditions or after intravenous administration of a specific quantity of glucose or insulin. The methods of assessing insulin resistance are divided into direct and indirect. The current 'gold standard' in the assessment of insulin sensitivity is the determination of tissue glucose utilisation using the metabolic clamp technique. The presence of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism has been demonstrated in thyroid disease involving either overt hyperthyroidism or overt hypothyroidism. The severity of the disease is proportional to the severity of these disorders. The possible influence of subclinical forms of both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism on carbohydrate disorders is still under discussion. Thyroid hormones have a significant effect on glucose metabolism and the development of insulin resistance. In hyperthyroidism, impaired glucose tolerance may be the result of mainly hepatic insulin resistance, whereas in hypothyroidism the available data suggests that the insulin resistance of peripheral tissues prevails. StreszczenieInsulinooporność definiuje się jako zaburzenie homeostazy glukozy polegające na zmniejszonej wrażliwości mięśni, tkanki tłuszczowej, wątroby oraz innych tkanek na insulinę pomimo jej prawidłowego lub podwyższonego stężenia we krwi. Insulinooporność może przebiegać bezobjawowo lub towarzyszyć różnorodnym chorobom i zaburzeniom, takim jak upośledzona tolerancja glukozy, cukrzyca typu 2, hipercholesterolemia, hipertriglicerydemia, otyłość i nadciśnienie tętnicze. Insulina działa za pośrednictwem swoistych receptorów obecnych na powierzchni większości komórek organizmu. Najwięcej tych receptorów stwierdza się na komórkach tłuszczowych, hepatocytach i komórkach mięśni poprzecznie prążkowanych. Wyróżnia się trzy rodzaje insulinooporności: przedreceptorową, receptorową i poreceptorową. Metody rozpoznawania insulinooporności oparte są na jednoczesnym oznaczaniu stężenia glukozy i insuliny w surowicy krwi. Pomiary stężenia glukozy i insuliny wykonywane są albo w warunkach podstawowych, albo po dożylnym podaniu określonej ilości glukozy lub insuliny. Metody oceny insulin...

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Section: Insulin Resistance In Thyroid Diseasesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…2). Insulin receptors on monocytes quickly respond to changes in blood serum glucose levels and rapidly increase the glucose elimination rate in the presence of glucose [3][4][5]; therefore the cells may constitute a readily available and reliable model for metabolic studies.…”

Section: Insulin Resistance In Thyroid Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Insulinooporność a choroby tarczycy

Gierach¹,

Gierach²,

Junik³

2014

Endokrynologia Polska

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“…Thus, TSH was characterized as having direct correlation with low-density lipoproteins, while the free thyroxine inversely correlated with total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins, and free triiodothyronine negatively correlated with high-density lipoproteins. Our observations coincide with the research by Demellawy E. I. et al, which was based on studying the relationship between lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in hyperthyroidism and demonstrated the positive correlation between HDL, LDL levels, HOMA-IR indices and thyroid hormones (FТ3 і FТ4) [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Pecularities of Correlation Between Insulin Resistance, Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Indices in Patients With Graves’disease

Lishchuk

Kikhtyak

Москва

2017

EUREKA: Health Sciences

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Aim. The number of patients with endocrine disorders in the world, in particular, Graves’ disease is continuously increasing. Recent studies have determined the fact of insulin resistance in thyroid disorders. On the one hand, numerous researches prove correlation of hypothyroidism with arterial hypertension, ischaemic heart disease and lipid metabolism disorder, on the other – carbohydrate metabolism disorder and hyper-sympathicotonia are closely associated with hyperthyroidism. The subject of the research was to study the correlation of insulin resistance, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism indices in patients with Graves’disease. Material and Methods. During the study 53 (37 female and 16 male) patients with Graves’ disease with noticed IR have been examined. At the beginning, after 3– and 6-months thyreostatic therapy with insulin sensitizers (metformin or pioglitazone) the following investigations have been performed: assessing thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, free thyroxine and triiodothyronine; assessing glycated haemoglobin, glucose, C-peptide and fasting insulin as primary IR markers; calculating НОМА-IR index for analysing tissue sensitivity to insulin; calculating НОМА-β index for evaluating the functional capacity of β-cells of islets of Langerhans; measuring Caro indices to monitor hyperinsulinemia, measuring total cholesterol level, low-density lipoproteins, very-low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins , triglycerides, for analysing IR in relation to lipid metabolism. Results. The research results found out that free thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone are closely related to lipid metabolism. Thus, thyroid-stimulating hormone was characterized as having direct correlation with low-density lipoproteins, while the free thyroxine inversely correlated with total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, and high-density lipoproteins. The free triiodothyronine negatively correlated with high-density lipoproteins. The research has also determined the direct correlation between insulin and free thyroxine, as well as free triiodothyronine in patients with diffuse toxic goitre. Conclusions. The study proves the presence of insulin resistance in patients with Graves’ disease that generates interest to further study of the changes in insulin sensitivity, relation of insulin resistance to thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroid hormones and looking for the ways to correct these disorders.

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“…Blood glucose homeostasis in healthy subjects requires a very delicate adjustment of insulin production by pancreatic b-cells and insulinmediated glucose uptake in tissues (Kern et al 1990, Dimitriadis et al 2008. The first step in insulin receptor activation results in the phosphorylation and recruitment of several molecules which ultimately lead to the downstream upregulation of the AKT/mTOR/PI3K and ERK/ RAS/MAPK pathways, the two main signaling cascades involved in cancer proliferation and survival (Guo 2013).…”

Section: Endocrine-related Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and thyroid cancer

Marcello,

Cunha,

Batista

et al. 2014

Endocrine Related Cancer

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Many studies have provided observational data on the association of obesity and thyroid cancers, but only few of them propose mechanisms that would permit a better understanding of the causal molecular mechanisms of this association. Considering that there is an increasing incidence of both obesity and thyroid cancers, we need to summarize and link recent studies in order to characterize and understand the contribution of obesity-related factors that might affect thyroid cancer development and progression. Adipose tissue is involved in many vital processes, including insulin sensitivity, angiogenesis, regulation of energy balance, activation of the complement system, and responses such as inflammation. Although these processes have their own molecular pathways, they involve the same molecules through which obesity and adipose tissue might exert their roles in carcinogenesis, not only affecting MAPK and PI3K or even insulin pathways, but also recruiting local inflammatory responses that could result in disease formation and progression. This review describes five important issues that might explain the link between excessive weight and thyroid cancer: thyroid hormones, insulin resistance, adipokines, inflammation, and sexual hormones.

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IGF-I increases the recruitment of GLUT4 and GLUT3 glucose transporters on cell surface in hyperthyroidism

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Insulinooporność a choroby tarczycy

Insulinooporność a choroby tarczycy

The Pecularities of Correlation Between Insulin Resistance, Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Indices in Patients With Graves’disease

Obesity and thyroid cancer

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