“If I knew then what I know now”: Seropositive individuals' perceptions of partner trust, safety and risk prior to HIV infection

Crowell, Tara L.; Emmers‐Sommer, Tara M.

doi:10.1080/10510970109388566

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(41 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Due to contradictory findings, however, there may be other moderating factors that influence the relationship between self-efficacy, communication, and condom use (Crowell & Emmers-Sommer, 2000). For example, an individual's attitudes regarding safer sexual behaviors need to be taken into consideration (see Crowell & Emmers-Sommer, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seropositive Individuals Willingness to Communicate, Self-efficacy, and Assertiveness Prior to HIV Infection

Crowell

2004

Journal of Health Communication

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to examine possible communication similarities between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and HIV negative individuals. Forty HIV positive heterosexuals, who were infected through heterosexual sex, completed an on-line questionnaire to assess their safer sexual communication, willingness to communicate, condom self-efficacy, and assertiveness prior to HIV infection. Results indicate that prior to infection, HIV positive heterosexuals reported having similar safer sexual communication behaviors to those not infected with the virus. Participants in this study reported high levels of willingness to engage in safer sex communication, but low levels of actual communication. Further, results reveal that participants who engaged more often in safer sex communication were more likely to use condoms. Additionally, participants reported high levels of condom self-efficacy and moderate levels of assertiveness; both variables positively correlated with condom use. Finally, participants reported that they believed they did not need to discuss using condoms because they were not at risk. Previous safer sexual communication research reveals HIV negative individuals reported engaging in the same behaviors and holding the same beliefs reported by seropositive individuals. Hence, discussion of the importance of safer sexual communication and the utility of personalization to increase the communication of HIV negative individuals is explored.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seropositive Individuals Willingness to Communicate, Self-efficacy, and Assertiveness Prior to HIV Infection

Crowell

2004

Journal of Health Communication

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such messages could be used in tandem with other approaches that attempt to remove inaccurate beliefs that prevent people from getting tested. For example, investigators have identified a number of perceptions that may lead to underestimating one's risk of infection, including the perception that HIV positive individuals are different from themselves, trust that develops in monogamous relationships, and perceptions that one's partner is "safe" (i.e., disease-free; see Crowell & Emmers-Sommer, 2001, for a useful review). These perceptions reduce people's uncertainty regarding STDs, leading to the potentially false belief that their probability of infection is zero.…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If these are the risk factors identified by physicians, one can imagine why most people would assess their personal risk of HIV or any other STD close to zero. As noted by Crowell and Emmers-Sommer (2001), many patients will assume that their partners do not present much risk. Because an HIV infection typically exists without symptoms, and many patients avoid the use of IV drugs, most would probably answer in the negative to all of the physician's questions.…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Functional Theory to Promote HIV Testing: The Impact of Value-Expressive Messages, Uncertainty, and Fear

Hullett

2006

Health Communication

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study tests the utility of the functional theory of attitudes and arousal of fear in motivating college students to get tested for HIV. It is argued from the perspective of functional theory that value-expressive appeals to get tested for the purpose of taking care of one's own health could be effective if that goal is desired by message targets who are sexually active and unaware of their sexually transmitted disease status. As part of the process, the effectiveness of these appeals is increased by the arousal of uncertainty and fear. A model detailing the mediating processes is proposed and found to be consistent with the data. Overall, messages advocating testing for the self-interested reason of one's own health were more effective than messages advocating testing for the goal of protecting one's partners.

show abstract

“…Research shows that people report that they often 'just know' whether a person is risky or safe—even when they do not know much about the respective person's past sexual behavior or personality [12,13]. For example, many people who contracted HIV during unprotected sexual intercourse report they had assumed their partners were safe–and that they regret being wrong [14,15]. Focus groups on HIV prevention point to a related phenomenon: participants often express trust in their ability to detect potentially risky sex partners based on their appearance, even though research suggests that they cannot [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual cues that predict intuitive risk perception in the case of HIV

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Field studies indicate that people may form impressions about potential partners’ HIV risk, yet lack insight into what underlies such intuitions. The present study examined which cues may give rise to the perception of riskiness. Towards this end, portrait pictures of persons that are representative of the kinds of images found on social media were evaluated by independent raters on two sets of data: First, sixty visible cues deemed relevant to person perception, and second, perceived HIV risk and trustworthiness, health, and attractiveness. Here, we report correlations between cues and perceived HIV risk, exposing cue-criterion associations that may be used to infer intuitively HIV risk. Second, we trained a multiple cue-based model to forecast perceived HIV risk through cross-validated predictive modelling. Trained models accurately predicted how ‘risky’ a person was perceived ( r = 0.75) in a novel sample of portraits. Findings are discussed with respect to HIV risk stereotypes and implications regarding how to foster effective protective behaviors.

show abstract

“If I knew then what I know now”: Seropositive individuals' perceptions of partner trust, safety and risk prior to HIV infection

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Seropositive Individuals Willingness to Communicate, Self-efficacy, and Assertiveness Prior to HIV Infection

Seropositive Individuals Willingness to Communicate, Self-efficacy, and Assertiveness Prior to HIV Infection

Using Functional Theory to Promote HIV Testing: The Impact of Value-Expressive Messages, Uncertainty, and Fear

Visual cues that predict intuitive risk perception in the case of HIV

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About