IE, Slavonic: Polish

Szymanek, Bogdan

doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199695720.013.0025

Cited by 5 publications

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“…In the Polish language, the majority of compound words are written as one word (so-called solid compounds) and the stress pattern is relatively invariable: most words 2 receive a single stress on the penultimate syllable. As is evidenced by Szymanek (2012), the compound/phrase distinction in Polish is frequently easily detectable by means of their stress patterns (in accordance with the regular word stress): e.g., compare a compound dobránoc 'good night' and a phrase dobra nóc 'a good night'. Nominal compounds, upon which we concentrate in this paper, can be divided in Polish into three major groups according to the manner of linking the lexemes: (i) with an intra-compound spacing (so-called juxtapositions, e.g., panna młóda 'a bride' or niedźwiedź polárny 'the polar bear'); (ii) with an interfix or intermorph, otherwise known as a linking vowel, such as -o-(e.g., gwiazd-ó-zbiór 'a constellation' or star-ó-druk 'an antique book'); or (iii) with no presence of the intermorph (e.g., okamgniénie 'a moment').…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

An L2 Study on the Production and Perception of Stress Patterns in English: Second Language Acquisition of Compound Words

Hwaszcz¹

2016

awr

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As compounding in English is a very productive process, a number of constructions emerged which can have multiple meanings. This paper aims to investigate the extent to which promiscuous compound nouns can be problematic for L2 English learners. The central questions which are addressed here are as follows: i What strategies do Polish speakers use to overcome the production and comprehension difficulties when processing English compounds? ii To what extent can Polish learners acquire the ability to produce and comprehend English compounds effectively? We compare the production and perception of stress patterns in various types of English compounds by L1 and L2 speakers of English on the basis of a reading protocol and a lexical decision experiment. One of the striking observations is that L1s are not always more accurate than L2s. This concerns stress-recognition in Adjective–Noun A–N phrases which are juxtaposed with A–N compounds. Elsewhere, natives lead in terms of stress-placement. On the other hand, the results obtained by L1s show no difference in stress-production and stress-recognition in Noun–Noun N–N attributive compounds, whereas L2s are more accurate in understanding than producing this type of compounds. A similar situation, in the case of L1s, concerns A–N opaque and N–N argument-head compounds but it is less prominent. As for L2s, A–N opaque compounds elicit relatively comparable results, but N–N argument-head compounds are responded to more accurately in the production experiment. A–N phrases, on the other hand, elicit a huge disproportion of accuracy between production and perception among L1s: although almost flawless in production, two-thirds of responses are inaccurate in perception. As for non-natives, they are more or less equally accurate in the case of A–N opaque compounds less than half correct renditions, but they adopt a strong tendency to produce and perceive fore-stress patterns across the board. Our experiments showed certain regularities in both accuracy and inaccuracy of stress placement by L2s. These regularities can be applied in methodology as to the order of teaching different types of compounds and phrases to Polish learners of English.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

An L2 Study on the Production and Perception of Stress Patterns in English: Second Language Acquisition of Compound Words

Hwaszcz¹

2016

awr

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“…rice. gen -porridge; rice porridge’(Bauer 2009: 346) Compound elements identical with inflectional stems German Schwimm- bad (vs. schwimmen inf ) ‘swimming pool’ (Montermini 2010: 81) Lach krampf ‘laughing-spasm’ (Bloomfield 1993: 225) Trink- wasser ‘drinking water’ (Bauer 2009: 347)Dutch schuif deur ‘slide door’, speel veld ‘play field’(Don 2009: 374) Compound elements with compound markers or linking elements Greek pag-o- vuno (vs. pag-os ‘ice’, vun-o ‘mountain’) ‘ice berg’(Booij 2005: 88), hippo- kantharos ‘horse-beetle’(Bloomfield 1993: 225)Polish gwiazd-o- zbiór (vs. gwiazd-a ‘star’, zbiór ‘collection’) ‘constellation’(Szymanek 2009: 466)Czech nov-o- stavba (vs. nov-ý ‘new’, stavba ‘construction’) ‘new construction’(Štichauer 2009: 295)German Liebes brief (vs. Liebe ‘love’, Brief ‘letter’) ‘love letter’, Arbeits amt (vs. Arbeit ‘work’, Amt ‘office’) ‘employment office’(Neef 2009: 391) 23 Compound elements by clipping Russian gor sovet (< gor odskoij ‘city A ’ + sovet ‘council’) ‘city council’(Benigni & Masini 2009: 173)English sci-fi (<science + fiction) ‘science fiction’(Plag 2003: 122) Weakly suppletive compound elements Danish jom- fru (vs. ung ‘young’) ‘virgin’(Montermini 2010: 80)French col- porter (vs. cou ‘neck’) ‘peddle’(Montermini ibid. ) Strongly suppletive compound elements English anthropo-morph , morpho-logy , biblio-phile , philo-logy (ten Hacken 1994: Section 4.3), Sino- Japanese, Hispano- PortugueseDanish små fed ‘lit.…”

Section: The Underlying Mechanism Of the Dual Pronunciation Of Kanjimentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological theory and orthography:Kanjias a representation of lexemes

Nagano

Shimada

2014

J. Ling.

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Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022226714000024How to cite this article: AKIKO NAGANO and MASAHARU SHIMADA (2014). Morphological theory and orthography: Kanji as a representation of lexemes .Orthography has been given marginal status in theoretical linguistics, but it can offer 'visible' insights into the invisible mechanisms of grammar. Japanese kanji graphs, Chinese characters used to write Japanese, provide an excellent illustration of this perspective. Our core claim is that the kanji orthography reflects the working of lexeme-based morphology in Japanese grammar. Specifically, we show how the lexeme-based morphological framework developed by Mark Aronoff and Martin Maiden can explain apparently cumbersome and inefficient properties of the kanji usage, its dual pronunciation in particular. Among the findings of this study are the following: (i) the underlying mechanism of the kanji's dual pronunciation is suppletion, native and Sino-Japanese synonyms working as morphomic stems of the same paradigm; (ii) this suppletion emerged and developed as a paradigmatic strategy of synonymy avoidance; and (iii) the large-scale suppletive morphology has long been retained in Japanese because it has served advantageous functions in the maintenance of lexemic isomorphism and in lexical stock expansion. Our findings shed an entirely new light on the bafflingly complex nature of Japanese orthography; it is the complexity of morphology, a grammatical module that is deemed to be the locus of language-specificity.[] The original manuscript of this paper has been drastically revised following three anonymous Journal of Linguistics referees' comments and suggestions. We would like to express our deep gratitude to each of them for carefully reading our manuscript and generously providing us with ideas and data for improvement. Also, we are grateful for the comments from the participants of the ICHL  workshop 'The Role of Autonomous Morphology in Language Change' (organised by Martin Maiden and John Charles Smith, July , Osaka), where the initial idea of this paper was presented. Our special thanks go to Ewa Jaworska for invaluable editorial support. Needless to say, we are solely responsible for the contents of this paper. This study is financially supported by the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), No. ). Abbreviations used in this paper are:  = second person, A = adjective, ABL = ablative, ACC = accusative, Adv = adverbial, AGT = agent, C = consonant, Comp = compound, CONCL = conclusive, GEN = genitive, HON = honorific, IMP = imperative, Infl = inflection, INF = infinitive, L = lexeme, NOM = nominative, P = stem, P Adv = adverbial stem, P Comp = compounding stem, P Infl = inflectional stem, PL = plural, PRT = particle, SJ = Sino-Japanese, SG = singular, V= vowel, VOC = vocative, WFA = word-forming affix.

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Lexical Composition

Kapović

2024

The Cambridge Handbook of Slavic Linguistics

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IE, Slavonic: Polish

Cited by 5 publications

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An L2 Study on the Production and Perception of Stress Patterns in English: Second Language Acquisition of Compound Words

An L2 Study on the Production and Perception of Stress Patterns in English: Second Language Acquisition of Compound Words

Morphological theory and orthography:Kanjias a representation of lexemes

Lexical Composition

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