Idiopathic solitary cutaneous xanthoma in a dog

Abstract

A 6-year-old female spayed Boxer mix dog was presented with multiple cutaneous masses, one of which was determined to be a xanthoma. Fine-needle aspirates of this mass revealed large round cells that were consistent with macrophages. These macrophages had lightly basophilic cytoplasm that was filled with many clear circular spaces that varied in size. The nuclei of these cells displayed mild anisokaryosis with condensed chromatin and lacked prominent nucleoli. The cytologic interpretation was lipid-laden histiocytic inflammation most consistent with a cutaneous xanthoma, which was confirmed histologically. Mild hypertriglyceridemia and persistent moderate hypercholesterolemia were present. After ruling out other causes of hyperlipidemia, we concluded that the dog likely had idiopathic hyperlipidemia with secondary xanthoma formation.

A case of xanthoma in a Saanen goat

“…Features include multinucleated giant cells, macrophages and cholesterol clefts. Xanthomas are not neoplastic, but can be locally invasive 2,11,12 …”

“…Xanthomas are commonly associated with hyperlipidaemia in humans, dogs and cats 2,6,14,15 . Unfortunately, we were unable to measure blood lipids because the goat was presented post mortem.…”

“…Xanthomas are benign proliferative lesions that commonly occur in the skin, subcutis or tendon sheaths of hyperlipidaemic in human and animal patients. [2][3][4][5] Xanthomas are, however, uncommon in animals compared with humans. [6][7][8] They generally occur in the subcutis in birds, 9 but xanthomas in other animals have rarely been reported.…”

“…Xanthomas are non-neoplastic masses that typically form yellow macules, papules, nodules or plaques in the skin associated with lipid deposits. 1,2 Histopathologically, the lesions show light cells with foamy protoplasm (foam cells). Macrophages and lipid droplets are also typically seen.…”

A case of vaginal xanthoma in a cow; First report

“…Xanthomas are benign, proliferative lesions that commonly occur in the skin, subcutis, or tendon sheaths of hyperlipidemic patients in humans and animals (Banarjee et al, 2011;Dhanuthai and Torrunruang, 2007;Garner et al, 1999;Chastain and Graham, 1978). They typically form smooth, white to pale yellow nodules and plaques in the skin (Massengale and Nesbitt, 2004).…”