Idiopathic eosinophilic esophagitis is associated with a T-helper 2-type allergic inflammatory response

Anti–IL-5 (mepolizumab) therapy reduces eosinophil activation ex vivo and increases IL-5 and IL-5 receptor levels

“…1,2 Overproduction of IL-5 has been reported in patients with a variety of eosinophil-associated disorders, including hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), 3,4 lymphoma, 5 eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorders (EGID), 6,7 and eosinophilic esophagitis (EE). 8,9 As such, IL-5 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of eosinophil-mediated diseases. Indeed, inhibition of IL-5 has dramatic effects on eosinophils, as demonstrated by analysis of IL-5 gene-deficient mice (or mice treated with neutralizing antibodies) that have impaired development of antigeninduced eosinophilia after parasite and allergen exposure.…”

Eosinophilic esophagitis

“…Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the esophagus which is believed to occur as a result of Th2 inflammatory response 5 to environmental triggers (food antigens) 6,7 in genetically predisposed individuals (Figure 1). The cytokines responsible for the Th2 inflammatory response include Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 8 and IL-13 9,10 These cytokines stimulate the production and upregulation of Eotaxin-3 (potent Recent reports have suggested role of genetic polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of EoE.…”

Eosinophilic Oesophagitis (EoE): An update

“…Recognition of food or aero antigens by the immune system leads to cytokine-mediated T helper type 2 (Th2) inflammatory response resulting in eosinophilic infiltration and inflammation of the oesophagus [15] . The Th2 response is characterized by the activation of B cells by antigen exposure, with the production of neutralizing non-cytolytic antibodies and activation of eosinophils and mast cells.…”