Idiom variation in Italian and English

Abstract

This article reports on two parallel but independent studies of idiom variation in corpora — one of Italian and one of English. In the Italian study, 324 idiomatic expressions were looked for in a corpus of 16 million words, while the English study investigated more than 2,800 idioms in an 18-million word corpus. A description is given of the search techniques employed to locate instances of variation.\ud \ud We present our findings by first describing the variation types common to both languages and thereafter examining cases where variation seemed to be wholly or predominantly language specific. Many similarities were found to exist between the two languages, and language specific variation could often be related to more general language specific features. We also comment on the overall frequency of idiom variation, which was found to be very similar in the two studies. In our concluding remarks we suggest that contrastive idiom analysis of the sort carried out, could and should be undertaken between other language pairs, and that the resulting interlingual descriptions would be of use in practical applications such as second language learning and computational tasks

Idiom Variation in Business English Textbooks: A Corpus-Based Study

“…e.g. Cignoni, Coffey, & Moon, 1999;Omazić, 2003;Tabossi, Wolf, & Koterle, 2009). For example, constituent verbs and adjectives of competition idioms vary systematically to create antonymous expressions, e.g.…”

Idiom modifications: What grammar reveals about conceptual structure

“…Studies of English idioms conducted in electronic corpora show that their forms are relatively variable (Moon [1998]; Cignoni et al [1999]). Changes which idioms undergo include lexical substitution, addition, ellipsis, pluralization, passivization, nominalization, etc.…”

“…Corpus-based studies of English idioms show that a number of such expressions vary their lexico-syntactic structure regularly (e.g. Moon [1998]; Cignoni et al [1999]; Wulff [2008]) and some variant forms may become conventionalized through frequent use. Furthermore, idioms are often creatively exploited in discourse (Naciscione [2010]; Jaki [2014]), that is, speakers manipulate their lexical components and structure for communicative purposes.…”

Corpus-based contrastive studies

“…It is also fair to say that phraseologically oriented studies have become more corpus-driven. Older CA studies usually tackled phraseology through idioms and fixed phrases; for example Cignoni et al (1999) studied the occurrence and variability of predefined idioms in two general corpora of Italian and English. More recent studies move away from pre-defined phrases in their explorations of multi-word units in multilingual corpora.…”