Identity and Nation in Iraq

Kirmanj, Sherko

doi:10.1515/9781626370791

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This is all the more salient in Iraq where, historically, a range of competing loyalties—regional, tribal, ethnic, religious and political—undercut the crystallisation of a coherent national identity (Marr, 2010; Stansfield, 2016). Discord between identity groups has long shaped Iraq's political realm, thwarting the creation of a shared sense of ‘nation’ that would accommodate differences and foster concerted efforts to address ongoing socio‐political challenges (Kirmanj, 2013). Such diverse loyalties and inter‐communal discord inevitably had impacts on the development of political institutions and on state‐society relations.…”

Section: Conceptualising State‐society Relations and Inter‐communal R...mentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐society relations and inter‐communal dynamics in conflict: Non‐Muslim minorities in post‐IS Iraq

Isakhan

Gourlay

2022

Nations and Nationalism

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This article examines state-society relations and intercommunal dynamics in conflict, focusing on the case study of non-Muslim minorities in Iraq. It draws on interview data to analyse the lived experiences of Iraq's Yazidis and Christians before, during and after Islamic State (IS) rule. It finds that the attacks by the IS on Iraq's Yazidi and Christian communities not only caused considerable suffering but also led to a renewed crisis of faith in the Iraqi state and a further breakdown in relations with other groups, especially Sunni Arabs. However, Iraq's Yazidis and Christian have also demonstrated remarkable resilience in terms of returning to their ancient homelands and rebuilding their fractured communities. Together, these findings raise further questions about the legitimacy of the Iraqi state in the eyes of its non-Muslim minorities and the prospects of a peaceful multicultural future for Iraq.

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Section: Conceptualising State‐society Relations and Inter‐communal R...mentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐society relations and inter‐communal dynamics in conflict: Non‐Muslim minorities in post‐IS Iraq

Isakhan

Gourlay

2022

Nations and Nationalism

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“…of Iraq was estimated at ~ 39 million in July 2017 (World Factbook, 2017). Arabs make up 75-80% of population and Kurds 15-20% of the population (World Factbook, 2017; Kirmanj, 2013). Turkmen, Assyrian, Shabak, Yazidi, and other minorities are present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cities of Baghdad, Diyala, and Najaf are in the middle of Iraq, Wasit is in the east, Basra City is in the southeast, and Al-Anbar is in the west. (Kirmanj, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Variation from 6 Cities in Iraq Based on 15 Loci.

Alzubaidi

Saliha

Namaa

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: 1061 individuals were sampled from the cities of Anbar, Baghdad, Basra, Diyala, Najaf, and Wasit in Iraq and typed for 15 forensic STRs to explore the genetic structure of Iraq and develop a forensic DNA database .The total number of alleles that were identified were 203 alleles .Analyses found that Iraq is similar to other countries in the Middle East, particularly Iran and Turkey, and is more similar to Europe than either Asia or Africa. Results: These loci had an average heterozygosity of 0.779, homozygosity of 0.221, polymorphism information content of 0.77, power of discrimination of 0.927, and power of exclusion of 0.563. At these loci, a matching genotype will occur, on average, in 1 in 8.152 x 10 17 individuals. For paternity tests, the average paternity probability for a matching profile is 99.9997%. For both measures, this can be taken as an exact match. These loci are appropriate for use in forensic and paternity testing for this population. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that these 15 autosomal STR loci are useful markers for forensics and paternity testing for the population in Iraq. Some loci present with a large range of repeats which may be the result of admixture within the population. Further analyses on the allele frequencies of specific ethnic groups within Iraq may clarify the origins of the rarer alleles that were found in this study.

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“…Under Ottoman rule, each province was largely separate and independent from the others. People in Mosul and Basra knew little about each other and less about people in Baghdad (Kirmanj 2013).…”

Section: Geopolitics Religion and The Formation Of Contemporary Iraq ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This dominance continued after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire with the establishment of the modern state of Iraq for primarily pragmatic reasons -"most Shia lacked relevant experience to secure positions in the new administration" (Wainscott 2019, 5). The most significant factors shaping the creation of the modern Iraqi state were largely driven by imperial concerns of the British and French during and immediately after World War I (Kirmanj 2013). Britain wanted to secure a ready supply of oil for its navy, which had recently switched to oil from coal.…”

Section: Geopolitics Religion and The Formation Of Contemporary Iraq ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Religion and World Politics

Global Religions and International Relations

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Religion' is sometimes said to be the root of international conflict; and sometimes a resource for peacemaking. To some, 'religion' underlies human rights abuses; to others, it is the foundation of universal respect and love. But what, actually, is it? Do all these explanations refer to the same thing, or does 'religion' mean different things in different contexts? As Erin K. Wilson demonstrates, such questions have real-world, sometimes even life-and-death, implications. With her trademark clarity, Wilson spells out the policy, legal and international relations implications of how we understand religion, and why it matters".

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Identity and Nation in Iraq

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

State‐society relations and inter‐communal dynamics in conflict: Non‐Muslim minorities in post‐IS Iraq

State‐society relations and inter‐communal dynamics in conflict: Non‐Muslim minorities in post‐IS Iraq

Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Variation from 6 Cities in Iraq Based on 15 Loci.

Religion and World Politics

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