Identity and Location Priming Effects and their Temporal Stability in Young and Older Adults

Troche, Stefan J.; Gibbons, Henning; Rammsayer, Thomas

doi:10.1080/13825580701336874

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…An early review by Verhaeghen and De Meersman (1998) reported no effect of age for location-based NP, this means comparable NP effects for young and OA. Some recent studies support the findings of Verhaeghen and De Meersman (1998) and find a reliable location-based NP effect in OA (McAuliffe et al, 2006; Troche et al, 2008). However, decreased response times for location-based NP in older subjects have also been reported (Witthöft et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Altered negative priming in older subjects: first evidence from behavioral and neural level

Bauer¹,

Gebhardt²,

Gruppe³

et al. 2012

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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The impact of aging on the negative priming (NP) effect has been subject of many studies using behavioral measures. Results are inconsistent and corresponding neural data do not exist. We were interested in, whether or not processing of NP is altered in older in comparison to young adults (YA) on behavioral and neural level. Eighteen young and eighteen older healthy adults performed a location-based NP paradigm during fMRI. YA behaviorally showed a NP effect and NP associated fronto-striatal activation, which is in accordance with the inhibitory model of NP. In older subjects no significant behavioral NP effect and no NP-related activation in predefined brain regions could be found. This is discussed in context of the “loss of efficiency” hypothesis. One possible source for the lack of NP-related activation is a reduction of gray matter (GM) volume in older subjects as shown using voxel based morphometry (VBM).

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Altered negative priming in older subjects: first evidence from behavioral and neural level

Bauer¹,

Gebhardt²,

Gruppe³

et al. 2012

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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show abstract

“…Consistent with the claim that aging is accompanied by reduced inhibitory control, several studies using negative priming paradigms have revealed that older adults do not show negative priming (Connelly & Hasher, 1993, Experiment 3; Hasher et al, 1991; Kane, Hasher, Stoltzfus, Zacks, & Connelly, 1994; Kane, May, Hasher, Rahhal, & Stoltzfus, 1997; McDowd & Oseas-Kreger, 1991; Stoltzfus, Hasher, Zacks, Ulivi, & Goldstein, 1993; Tipper, 1991; Witthöft, Sander, Süβ, & Wittmann, 2009) or that they show reduced negative priming relative to young adults (Earles et al, 1997) when identity is the relevant target dimension. An equally telling number of studies have shown otherwise (Andrés et al, 2008; Borella, Delaloye, Lecerf, Renaud, & De Ribaupierre, 2009; Gamboz, Russo, & Fox, 2000; Grant & Dagenbach, 2000; Hogge, Salmon, & Collette, 2008; Intons-Peterson, Rocchi, West, McLellan, & Hackney, 1998; Kieley & Hartley, 1997; Kramer et al, 1994; Kramer & Strayer, 2001; Langley, Overmier, Knopman, & Prod'Homme, 1998; Little & Hartley, 2000; Pesta & Sanders, 2000; Schelstraete & Hupet, 2002; Schooler, Neumann, Caplan, & Roberts, 1997; Simone & McCormick, 1999; Sullivan & Faust, 1993; Sullivan, Faust, & Balota, 1995; Titz, Behrendt, Menge, & Hasselhorn, 2008; Troche, Gibbons, & Rammsayer, 2008; Vakil, Manovich, Ramati, & Blachstein, 1996; Van der Linden et al, 1999).…”

Section: Unimodal Paradigmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of sensory modality in age-related distraction: A critical review and a renewed view.

Guerreiro

Murphy

Gerven

2010

Psychological Bulletin

113

111

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Selective attention requires the ability to focus on relevant information and to ignore irrelevant information. The ability to inhibit irrelevant information has been proposed to be the main source of age-related cognitive change (e.g., Hasher & Zacks, 1988). Although age-related distraction by irrelevant information has been extensively demonstrated in the visual modality, studies involving auditory and cross-modal paradigms have revealed a mixed pattern of results. A comparative evaluation of these paradigms according to sensory modality suggests a twofold trend: Age-related distraction is more likely (a) in unimodal than in cross-modal paradigms and (b) when irrelevant information is presented in the visual modality, rather than in the auditory modality. This distinct pattern of age-related changes in selective attention may be linked to the reliance of the visual and auditory modalities on different filtering mechanisms. Distractors presented through the auditory modality can be filtered at both central and peripheral neurocognitive levels. In contrast, distractors presented through the visual modality are primarily suppressed at more central levels of processing, which may be more vulnerable to aging. We propose the hypothesis that age-related distractibility is modality dependent, a notion that might need to be incorporated in current theories of cognitive aging. Ultimately, this might lead to a more accurate account for the mixed pattern of impaired and preserved selective attention found in advancing age.

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Age Differences in the Subcomponents of Executive Functioning

Maldonado

Orr

Goen

et al. 2020

The Journals of Gerontology: Series B

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Objectives Across the life span, deficits in executive functioning (EF) are associated with poor behavioral control and failure to achieve goals. Though EF is often discussed as one broad construct, a prominent model of EF suggests that it is composed of three subdomains: inhibition, set shifting, and updating. These subdomains are seen in both younger (YA) and older adults (OA), with performance deficits across subdomains in OA. Therefore, our goal was to investigate whether subdomains of EF might be differentially affected by age, and how these differences may relate to broader global age differences in EF. Methods To assess these age differences, we conducted a meta-analysis at multiple levels, including task level, subdomain level, and of global EF. Based on previous work, we hypothesized that there would be overall differences in EF in OA. Results Using 1,268 effect sizes from 401 articles, we found overall differences in EF with age. Results suggested that differences in performance are not uniform, such that variability in age effects emerged at the task level, and updating was not as affected by age as other subdomains. Discussion These findings advance our understanding of age differences in EF, and stand to inform early detection of EF decline.

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Identity and Location Priming Effects and their Temporal Stability in Young and Older Adults

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Altered negative priming in older subjects: first evidence from behavioral and neural level

Altered negative priming in older subjects: first evidence from behavioral and neural level

The role of sensory modality in age-related distraction: A critical review and a renewed view.

Age Differences in the Subcomponents of Executive Functioning

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