Identity and functions of inorganic and inositol polyphosphates in plants

Lorenzo‐Orts, Laura; Couto, Daniel; Hothorn, Michael

doi:10.1111/nph.16129

Cited by 64 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 166 publications

(230 reference statements)

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“…In the aquatic angiosperm Spirodela oligorrhiza , 71% of total P is present as phosphate (Bieleski, 1968). Phytate (inositol hexakisphosphate) is the principal form of P storage in tubers, fruits, and seeds of terrestrial plants (Veneklaas et al ., 2012; Frank, 2013; Lorenzo‐Orts et al ., 2020) and is the major form of P in some plants (Frank, 2013). In the root cortex of Trifolium subterraneum , P is accumulated in globular structures together with, in quantitative order, potassium, magnesium, sulphur, sodium and calcium (Ryan et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The maximum growth rate hypothesis is correct for eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, but not cyanobacteria

Rees

Raven

2021

New Phytologist

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Summary The (maximum) growth rate (µmax) hypothesis predicts that cellular and tissue phosphorus (P) concentrations should increase with increasing growth rate, and RNA should also increase as most of the P is required to make ribosomes. Using published data, we show that though there is a strong positive relationship between the µmax of all photosynthetic organisms and their P content (% dry weight), leading to a relatively constant P productivity, the relationship with RNA content is more complex. In eukaryotes there is a strong positive relationship between µmax and RNA content expressed as % dry weight, and RNA constitutes a relatively constant 25% of total P. In prokaryotes the rRNA operon copy number is the important determinant of the amount of RNA present in the cell. The amount of phospholipid expressed as % dry weight increases with increasing µmax in microalgae. The relative proportions of each of the five major P‐containing constituents is remarkably constant, except that the proportion of RNA is greater and phospholipids smaller in prokaryotic than eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms. The effect of temperature differences between studies was minor. The evidence for and against P‐containing constituents other than RNA being involved with ribosome synthesis and functioning is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of particular interest is the role of lysine polyphosphorylation in ribosome biosynthesis in yeast and humans (Bentley‐DeSousa et al ., 2018; Lorenzo‐Orts et al ., 2020; McCarthy et al ., 2020). In yeast c .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The maximum growth rate hypothesis is correct for eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, but not cyanobacteria

Rees

Raven

2021

New Phytologist

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“…Many organisms can also polymerize PO 4 3- into polyphosphate (polyP) chains, that are composed of three to hundreds of PO 4 3- groups linked by the high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds, the same bond that allows ATP to assume the role of the energy currency in cells. These polymers are present in all kingdoms of life, from tiny prokaryotic organisms and archaebacteria to large mammals, ( Kornberg et al., 1999 ; Rao et al., 2009 ), although plants do not appear to synthesize polyP ( Zhu et al., 2020 ) and mostly store PO 4 3- in phytate (inositol hexakisphosphate, InsP6) ( Raboy, 2003 ; Kolozsvari et al., 2015 ; Lorenzo-Orts et al., 2020 ), a six-fold dihydrogenphosphate ester of inositol. PolyP was likely a significant component of the pre-biological Earth as it can be spontaneously formed as a consequence of volcanic and hydrothermal vent activities ( Rao et al., 2009 ; Achbergerova and Nahalka, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introduction a Brief Overview Of Polyphosphate Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphosphate: A Multifunctional Metabolite in Cyanobacteria and Algae

2020

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Polyphosphate (polyP), a polymer of orthophosphate (PO 4 3-) of varying lengths, has been identified in all kingdoms of life. It can serve as a source of chemical bond energy (phosphoanhydride bond) that may have been used by biological systems prior to the evolution of ATP. Intracellular polyP is mainly stored as granules in specific vacuoles called acidocalcisomes, and its synthesis and accumulation appear to impact a myriad of cellular functions. It serves as a reservoir for inorganic PO 4 3and an energy source for fueling cellular metabolism, participates in maintaining adenylate and metal cation homeostasis, functions as a scaffold for sequestering cations, exhibits chaperone function, covalently binds to proteins to modify their activity, and enables normal acclimation of cells to stress conditions. PolyP also appears to have a role in symbiotic and parasitic associations, and in higher eukaryotes, low polyP levels seem to impact cancerous proliferation, apoptosis, procoagulant and proinflammatory responses and cause defects in TOR signaling. In this review, we discuss the metabolism, storage, and function of polyP in photosynthetic microbes, which mostly includes research on green algae and cyanobacteria. We focus on factors that impact polyP synthesis, specific enzymes required for its synthesis and degradation, sequestration of polyP in acidocalcisomes, its role in cellular energetics, acclimation processes, and metal homeostasis, and then transition to its potential applications for bioremediation and medical purposes.

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“…However, neither for PKC nor for a canonical IP 3 -receptor do homologues exist in the Arabidopsis genome, so PLC-dependent responses seem to be transmitted differently [ 242 , 243 ]. In case of IP 3 , it was proposed that it rather acts as a precursor for higher phosphorylated inositol phosphates (IPs) and inositol pyrophosphates (IPPs) species like IP 5 , IP 6 , IP 7 , or IP 8 [ 242 , 244 , 245 ]. A signalling role for IPs was, for example, shown in the hormone signalling pathways of auxin and jasmonates, as the TIR1- and COI1-receptor need the cofactors IP 6 and IP 5 , respectively [ 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 , 250 ].…”

Section: Inositol(poly)phosphates Are Receptors’ Cofactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signalling Pinpointed to the Tip: The Complex Regulatory Network That Allows Pollen Tube Growth

Scholz¹,

Anstatt²,

Krawczyk³

et al. 2020

Plants

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Plants display a complex life cycle, alternating between haploid and diploid generations. During fertilisation, the haploid sperm cells are delivered to the female gametophyte by pollen tubes, specialised structures elongating by tip growth, which is based on an equilibrium between cell wall-reinforcing processes and turgor-driven expansion. One important factor of this equilibrium is the rate of pectin secretion mediated and regulated by factors including the exocyst complex and small G proteins. Critically important are also non-proteinaceous molecules comprising protons, calcium ions, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and signalling lipids. Among the latter, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and the kinases involved in its formation have been assigned important functions. The negatively charged headgroup of this lipid serves as an interaction point at the apical plasma membrane for partners such as the exocyst complex, thereby polarising the cell and its secretion processes. Another important signalling lipid is phosphatidic acid (PA), that can either be formed by the combination of phospholipases C and diacylglycerol kinases or by phospholipases D. It further fine-tunes pollen tube growth, for example by regulating ROS formation. How the individual signalling cues are intertwined or how external guidance cues are integrated to facilitate directional growth remain open questions.

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Identity and functions of inorganic and inositol polyphosphates in plants

Cited by 64 publications

References 166 publications

The maximum growth rate hypothesis is correct for eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, but not cyanobacteria

The maximum growth rate hypothesis is correct for eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, but not cyanobacteria

Polyphosphate: A Multifunctional Metabolite in Cyanobacteria and Algae

Signalling Pinpointed to the Tip: The Complex Regulatory Network That Allows Pollen Tube Growth

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