Identifying the Micro-relations Underpinning Familiarity Detection in Dynamic Displays Containing Multiple Objects

Abstract

We identified the important micro-relations that are perceived when attempting to recognize patterns in stimuli consisting of multiple dynamic objects. Skilled and less-skilled participants were presented with point light display sequences representing dynamic patterns in an invasion sport and were subsequently required to make familiarity based recognition judgments in three different conditions, each of which contained only a select number of features that were present at initial viewing. No differences in recognition accuracy were observed between skilled and less-skilled participants when just objects located in the periphery were presented. Yet, when presented with the relative motions of two centrally located attacking objects only, skilled participants were significantly more accurate than less-skilled participants and their recognition accuracy improved further when a target object was included against which these relative motions could be judged. Skilled participants can perceive and recognize global patterns on the basis of centrally located relational information.

Entscheidungsleistung und selbstgeneriertes Wissen zu Mustern in der Handballverteidigung: ein Fall von „representational redescription“

“…Surprisingly and in contrast to the majority of previous laboratory-based research (Gorman et al, 2012(Gorman et al, , 2015Magnaguagno & Hossner, 2020;North et al, 2009North et al, , 2011North et al, , 2017Sherwood et al, 2019;Williams et al, 2006), the findings of Ex-periment1 showed thatplayers ofa higher expertise level were not explicitly more aware of the pattern compared to their counterparts (. Fig.…”

“…However, the development of such skills is considerably underresearched (Williams, Fawver, Broadbent, Murphy, & Ward, 2019). So far, investigations have focused on superior performance of skilled players compared to less-skilled counterparts for situational probabilities (Abernethy, Gill, Parks, & Packer, 2001;Farrow & Reid, 2012;Helm, Cañal-Bruland, Mann, Troje, & Munzert, 2020;Magnaguagno, Zahno, Kredel, & Hossner, 2022) and pattern identification-more precisely, pattern detection (Magnaguagno & Hossner, 2020), pattern recognition (North, Williams, Hodges, Ward, & Ericsson, 2009;North, Ward, Ericsson, & Williams, 2011;Roca, Ford, McRobert, & Williams, 2013;Vater, Luginbühl, & Magnaguagno, 2019;Williams, Hodges, North, & Barton, 2006), as well as pattern recall (Gorman, Abernethy, & Farrow, 2012North, Hope, & Williams, 2017;Raab & Farrow, 2015;Sherwood, Smith, & Masters, 2019;Smeeton, Ward, & Williams, 2004;van Maarseveen, Oudejans, & Savelsbergh, 2015). In contrast, the relevance of the intertwining between different perceptual-cognitive skills has received far less attention; even though it has been claimed that it is the interaction of these skills that facilitates decision making (Roca & Williams, 2016;Williams et al, 2017).…”

Anticipation in sport: Fifty years on, what have we learned and what research still needs to be undertaken?

“…The vast majority of existing papers have focused exclusively on the training of cue usage, with hardly any research focusing on the trainability of other perceptual-cognitive skills such as pattern recognition (for an exception, see North, Hope, & Williams, 2017) and the use of contextual information(for an exception, see Williams, Herron, Ward, & Smeeton, 2008). Williams, Hodges, & Ward, 2005).…”

Trainability of novel person recognition based on brief exposure to form and motion cues

“…In sporting contexts, identification ability is imperative, as it allows teammates to recognize each other and misidentification or a delay in recognition may result in lost scoring or passing opportunities. Passing affordances, for example, stem from classifying players as teammates or opponents ( North et al, 2017 ), and identifying the potential recipient to determine if they are the best tactical option to receive a pass. This is done by differentiating between relevant and irrelevant cues that can be extracted from form, uniform, and biological motion (e.g., players, spectators, and match officials).…”