Identifying the Factors that Contributed to the Ueberlingen Midair Collision

Nunes, Ashley; Laursen, Tom

doi:10.1177/154193120404800142

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Further, training has been found to influence decision-making with conflicting information. A notable example is the Überlingen fatal midair collision, in which the European pilot, who was trained to follow the automated alert, and the Russian pilot, who was trained to consider both ATC and the alert, collided due to each pilot following their respective training (Nunes & Laursen, 2004). Additionally, Fleming and Pritchett (2015) found that when pilots were trained in a realistic operating environment, they were more likely to consistently comply with TCAS traffic advisories when they conflicted with ATC information, compared with pilots who had not received training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of Pilot-Reported Trust and Response to Information Conflicts Experienced on the Flight Deck

Carroll

Sanchez

Wilt

2021

Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors

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Abstract. The purpose of this study was to examine how pilots respond to conflicting information on the flight deck. In this study, 108 airline, corporate, and general aviation pilots completed an online questionnaire reporting weather, traffic, and navigation information conflicts experienced on the flight deck, including which information sources they trusted and acted on. Results indicated that weather information conflicts are most commonly experienced, and typically between a certified source in the panel and an uncertified electronic flight bag application. Most participants (a) trusted certified systems due to their accuracy, reliability, recency, and knowledge about the source, and (2) acted on the certified system due to trust, being trained and required to use it, and its indicating a more hazardous situation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of Pilot-Reported Trust and Response to Information Conflicts Experienced on the Flight Deck

Carroll

Sanchez

Wilt

2021

Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors

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“…It was thought that measures such as strong training, effective cockpit and air traffic operations room design, robust safety management systems (SMSs) and processes, effective maintenance, and standard operating procedures (SOPs) were sufficient. In 2002, a pivotal event occurred in Europe with the mid-air collision over Lake Constance in Überlingen [13], following on from the Milan Linate runway collision in the year prior [14]. These two accidents resulted in a profound shift in thinking for Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs), revealing the limitations of SMSs and SOPs and emphasizing the criticality of safety culture.…”

Section: The Emergence Of a Safety Culture Evaluation Methods In Avia...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Future Aviation Safety Culture

Kirwan

2024

Future Transportation

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Artificial intelligence is developing at a rapid pace, with examples of machine learning already being used in aviation to improve efficiency. In the coming decade, it is likely that intelligent assistants (IAs) will be deployed to assist aviation personnel in the cockpit, the air traffic control center, and in airports. This will be a game-changer and may herald the way forward for single-pilot operations and AI-based air traffic management. Yet in aviation there is a core underlying tenet that ‘people create safety’ and keep the skies and passengers safe, based on a robust industry-wide safety culture. Introducing IAs into aviation might therefore undermine aviation’s hard-won track record in this area. Three experts in safety culture and human-AI teaming used a validated safety culture tool to explore the potential impacts of introducing IAs into aviation. The results suggest that there are indeed potential negative outcomes, but also possible safety affordances wherein AI could strengthen safety culture. Safeguards and mitigations are suggested for the key risk owners in aviation organizations, from CEOs to middle managers, to safety departments and frontline staff. Such safeguards will help ensure safety remains a priority across the industry.

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“…Secondly, the accident involved a plethora of system players as it occurred at the interface between different states, organizations, operators, and professions. Subsequent to the publication the official accident report, the accident has been reanalyzed from different perspectives, including technical and regulatory faults (36), situational awareness (37), and human factors and system errors (38). Participants were provided with a short description of the accident and contributing factors were presented as survey statements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of effective human factors interventions for aviation safety management

Chan

2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionIn the aviation industry, safety management has moved away from capturing frontline failures toward the management of systemic conditions through organizational safety management systems (SMS). However, subjective differences can influence the classification of active failures and their associated systemic precursors. With levels of professional experience known to influence safety attitudes, the present research examines whether experience levels among airline pilots had an impact on the classification of causal factors using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). Differences in the paths of association between categories were evaluated in an open-system context.MethodPilots working in a large, international airline were categorized into high (≥10,000 total flight hours) and low (<10,000 h) experience groups and asked to classify aircraft accident causal factors using the HFACS framework. One-way ANOVA tests were carried out to determine experience effects on the utilization of the HFACS categories, and chi-squared analyses were used to assess the strength of association between different categories within the framework.ResultsResults from 144 valid responses revealed differences in the attribution of human factors conditions. The high experience group was more inclined to attribute deficiencies to high-level precursors and found fewer paths of associations between different categories. In contrast, the low experience group presented a greater number of associations and was comparatively more affected by stress and uncertainty conditions.DiscussionThe results confirm that the classification of safety factors can be influenced by professional experience, with hierarchical power distance impacting the attribution of failures to higher-level organizational faults. Different paths of association between the two groups also suggest that safety interventions can be targeted through different entry points. Where multiple latent conditions are associated, the selection of safety interventions should be made with consideration of the concerns, influences, and actions across the entire system. Higher-level anthropological interventions can change the interactive interfaces affecting concerns, influences, and actions across all levels, whereas frontline-level functional interventions are more efficient for failures linked to many precursor categories.

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Identifying the Factors that Contributed to the Ueberlingen Midair Collision

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

An Examination of Pilot-Reported Trust and Response to Information Conflicts Experienced on the Flight Deck

An Examination of Pilot-Reported Trust and Response to Information Conflicts Experienced on the Flight Deck

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Future Aviation Safety Culture

Development of effective human factors interventions for aviation safety management

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