Identifying the Contributions of Maternal Factors and Early Childhood Externalizing Behavior on Adolescent Delinquency

Schmidt, Adam; Camins, Joshua S.; Henderson, Craig E.; Christensen, Maxwell R.; Magyar, Melissa S.; Crosby, James W.; Boccaccini, Marcus T.

doi:10.1007/s10578-020-01040-2

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Furthermore, the fact that childhood behaviors, and to some extent geographic setting, predicted adolescent substance use trajectories is inconsistent with a storm and stress characterization emphasizing discontinuous changes in risk behavior that are primarily driven by biological change. We replicated earlier work showing that earlier initiation of and more dangerous substance use in adolescence is predicted by higher childhood externalizing (e.g., Racz et al, 2017 ; Krahé, 2020 ; Schmidt et al, 2021 ). Additionally, although childhood internalizing was less likely to predict adolescent substance use than was childhood externalizing, the results indicated that internalizing symptoms were potentially protective against substance use, an effect which was stronger in some settings than others.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Internalizing and externalizing pathways to high-risk substance use and geographic location in Australian adolescents

Willis

Kersh²,

Buchanan³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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One specific instantiation of the storm-and-stress view of adolescence is the idea that “normal” adolescence involves high-risk substance use behaviors. However, although uptake of some substance use behaviors is more common during adolescence than other life stages, it is clear that not all adolescents engage in risky substance use—and among those who do, there is much variation in emotional, behavioral, and contextual precursors of this behavior. One such set of predictors forms the internalizing pathway to substance use disorder, whereby internalizing symptoms in childhood such as negative affect and anxiety set off a chain of consequences culminating in high-risk substance use in late adolescence. However, findings linking internalizing symptoms to substance use are mixed, and it is clear that this link varies across adolescents and contexts. One heretofore unanswered question is whether and how geographic location, specifically whether the adolescent lives in an urban or rural location, moderates this link. The current report is a secondary analysis of data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC; N = 2,285), in which we examined the link between internalizing symptoms in childhood and initiation of substance use through age 19. Using a multiple event process survival mixture model (MEPSUM), we identified three trajectories of substance use initiation in adolescence: one (65.7% of the sample) characterized by near-complete abstinence until late adolescence, another (27.2%) by earlier initiation of alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis, and another (7.2%) by early initiation of these substances and later initiation of more hazardous drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine. Although childhood externalizing symptoms increased the risk of being in the second or third class, internalizing symptoms decreased risk when rural and non-rural adolescents were considered together. Few effects of rurality were found, but the negative relationship between internalizing at age 10 and high-risk substance use was only observed among non-rural adolescents. This finding, which was inconsistent with our initial predictions that rurality might confer higher risk for substance use, instead suggests a potentially protective effect of internalizing symptoms for engagement in risky substance use which may differ based on an adolescent’s geographical context.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Internalizing and externalizing pathways to high-risk substance use and geographic location in Australian adolescents

Willis

Kersh²,

Buchanan³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Childhood externalizing behaviors, defined as aggressive, defiant, and rule‐breaking behaviors (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001), pose a significant risk for children, families, and the greater community. Children who exhibit high levels of externalizing behaviors have an elevated risk for other negative outcomes later in adolescence, such as engagement in delinquency (Schmidt et al., 2021; Shaw & Gross, 2008) and lower educational achievement (Lewis et al., 2017; Masten et al., 2005; Veldman et al., 2014). Furthermore, in adulthood, a greater genetic liability for externalizing has been shown to predict an increased likelihood for experiencing other somatic and psychiatric problems (Karlsson Linnér et al., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of dopamine receptor D4, temperamental negativity, and household chaos on young twins’ externalizing behaviors

Jamnik

DiLalla

2023

Developmental Psychobiology

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Biological and genetic factors, as well as contextual influences, contribute to the etiology of externalizing behaviors in children and adolescents. The current project used a longitudinal design to examine how individual vulnerability for externalizing behavior is influenced by the interplay among biological/genetic and environmental factors, and how this occurs across development. We investigated the influence of dopamine receptor D4 genotype (DRD4), child temperament, and household chaos on children's externalizing behaviors using a sample of twins/triplets tested at the ages of 4 and 5 years (n = 229), including a subset of these who were tested again in middle childhood (ages 7-13 years; n = 174). Multilevel linear regression modeling demonstrated that the DRD4-7repeat genotype, 4-year-old negative affectivity, and household chaos at the age of 4 years were related to 5-year-old externalizing behaviors. Stability in externalizing behaviors from the age of 5 years to middle childhood was demonstrated. A significant interaction between DRD4 and household chaos showed that children with no 7-repeat DRD4 alleles had significantly higher levels of externalizing in homes with extremely low levels of parent-reported chaos, suggesting a "goodness-of-fit" pattern of gene-environment interaction. These findings suggest that risk for childhood externalizing behaviors is likely multifaceted and differs across developmental periods.

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Caregiver adverse childhood experiences and preschool externalizing problems: The role of factors that contribute to caregiver resilience

Gissandaner,

Littlefield,

Schmidt

et al. 2024

Child Abuse & Neglect

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Identifying the Contributions of Maternal Factors and Early Childhood Externalizing Behavior on Adolescent Delinquency

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Internalizing and externalizing pathways to high-risk substance use and geographic location in Australian adolescents

Internalizing and externalizing pathways to high-risk substance use and geographic location in Australian adolescents

The impact of dopamine receptor D4, temperamental negativity, and household chaos on young twins’ externalizing behaviors

Caregiver adverse childhood experiences and preschool externalizing problems: The role of factors that contribute to caregiver resilience

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