Identifying shift worker chronotype: implications for health

Hittle, Beverly M; Gillespie, Gordon Lee

doi:10.2486/indhealth.2018-0018

Cited by 53 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This could further explain their adaptation to rotating night shift without disturbing their circadian cycle. The correlation between circadian adjustment in shift workers and chronotype is widely supported in the literature (Hittle & Gillespie, 2018; Razavi et al., 2019). In our study, more rotating night shift nurses reported chronotype‐to‐shift alignment, adding further evidence for the adaptation of nurses to rotating night shift.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Shift work can disturb an individual's chronotype or tendency to sleep at certain times during the day; this is an important factor that influences sleep and melatonin levels among night shift workers (Hittle & Gillespie, 2018). There are two extremes of chronotype; some people are morning types and sleep early during the night whereas others are active in the evening and have a delayed sleep period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others have an intermediate chronotype (flexible/no difference), with no specific sleep time preferences. A person's chronotype is influenced by several factors, including their social lives, development and shift work experience (Hittle & Gillespie, 2018). Circadian misalignment can occur when people with evening chronotypes must wake early for day shift work and those with morning chronotypes must work at night.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morning and evening salivary melatonin, sleepiness and chronotype: A comparative study of nurses on fixed day and rotating night shifts

Bani‐Issa

Rahman

Albluwi

et al. 2020

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Aims To compare morning and evening salivary melatonin levels, sleep quality and chronotype between nurses working fixed day shifts and those working rotating night shifts. Background Rotating night shift work is an inevitable part of nursing and is a major reason for disrupted sleep. Design Cross‐sectional comparative design. Participants and Settings We used cluster sampling to recruit 520 female nurses working fixed day and rotating night shifts in the United Arab Emirates. Methods Morning and evening melatonin were measured from corresponding saliva samples. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index used to evaluate sleep quality and self‐assessment of preferred circadian times was used to assess participants’ chronotypes. Data were collected between October 2017–December 2018. Results Rotating night shift nurses had significantly lower evening melatonin compared with the fixed day shift group. No significant difference was found in sleep quality between the groups, although more participants in the rotating night shift group (N = 110, 42.31%) expressed better sleep quality than those in the fixed day group (N = 90, 36.00). Participants in the rotating night shift group expressed better subjective sleep, longer sleep duration, less disturbed sleep and better daily function (p > .05) than the fixed day group. Rotating night shift participants were more likely to have evening or intermediate chronotypes and more likely to report alignment of shift work to their chronotype compared with fixed day shift participants (p = .001). Longer shift duration, marital status and city location were associated with reduced evening melatonin among nurses on rotating night shifts. Conclusion Rotating night shift nurses showed evidence of better sleep than those from the fixed day shift. Proper shift assignment, chronotype and alignment with shift work appeared to produce better sleep quality. Impact Organizational policy must consider a novel model for work schedules that allow adequate off‐duty days for sleep recovery among nurses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morning and evening salivary melatonin, sleepiness and chronotype: A comparative study of nurses on fixed day and rotating night shifts

Bani‐Issa

Rahman

Albluwi

et al. 2020

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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“…Chronotype has an independent effect to melatonin rhythms affected by rotating-shift work [113]. Associations between chronotype and obesity showed mixed results [114]. Of the 5 articles exploring this link, 3 found a positive association between evening chronotype shift workers and obesity, while 2 studies did not support this relationship.…”

Section: Personal Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Light and Life at Night as Circadian Rhythm Disruptors

Lee

Kim

2019

Chronobiol Med

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The axial rotation of the Earth, together with the light of the sun, generates 24-hour cycles of day and night, and this light-dark cycle is the basis of 24-hour circadian rhythms. Living organisms have their own endogenous circadian rhythms, also with a duration of approximately 24 hours, driven by environmental factors, especially light and darkness [1]. And it is widely known that circadian rhythms of mammals are regulated by an internal biological clock located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) situated directly above the optic chiasm [2]. Maintaining the biological clock is crucial for coordinated function throughout the human body because this near-24-hour oscillations are found in essentially every physiological process in the human brain and body [3,4]. The period, phase and amplitude of circadian rhythms can be affected by circadian gene variants, light exposure, social cues, meal times and work schedules [5-8]. Light is the most effective

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“…In healthcare, shift workers operate around the clock to care for patients needing continuous care. Shift work has been associated with health and safety risks [ 2 3 ] including burnout [ 4 5 6 ], immunological effect [ 7 ], cardiovascular disease [ 7 8 ], infection [ 7 ], sleep disturbance [ 9 ], obesity [ 10 ], and even medical errors, resulting in increased patient mortality [ 11 ]. This is likely due to circadian rhythm disruption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare Shift Workers’ Temporal Habits for Eating, Sleeping, and Light Exposure: A Multi-Instrument Pilot Study

Chen

ValizadehAslani

Rosen

et al. 2020

Journal of Circadian Rhythms

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Background: Circadian misalignment can impair healthcare shift workers’ physical and mental health, resulting in sleep deprivation, obesity, and chronic disease. This multidisciplinary research team assessed eating patterns and sleep/physical activity of healthcare workers on three different shifts (day, night, and rotating-shift). To date, no study of real-world shift workers’ daily eating and sleep has utilized a largely-objective measurement. Method: During this fourteen-day observational study, participants wore two devices (Actiwatch and Bite Technologies counter) to measure physical activity, sleep, light exposure, and eating time. Participants also reported food intake via food diaries on personal mobile devices. Results: In fourteen (5 day-, 5 night-, and 4 rotating-shift) participants, no baseline difference in BMI was observed. Overall, rotating-shift workers consumed fewer calories and had less activity and sleep than day- and night-shift workers. For eating patterns, compared to night- and rotating-shift, day-shift workers ate more frequently during work days. Night workers, however, consumed more calories at work relative to day and rotating workers. For physical activity and sleep, night-shift workers had the highest activity and least sleep on work days. Conclusion: This pilot study utilized primarily objective measurement to examine shift workers’ habits outside the laboratory. Although no association between BMI and eating patterns/activity/sleep was observed across groups, a small, homogeneous sample may have influenced this. Overall, shift work was associated with 1) increased calorie intake and higher-fat and -carbohydrate diets and 2) sleep deprivation. A larger, more diverse sample can participate in future studies that objectively measure shift workers’ real-world habits.

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Identifying shift worker chronotype: implications for health

Cited by 53 publications

References 50 publications

Morning and evening salivary melatonin, sleepiness and chronotype: A comparative study of nurses on fixed day and rotating night shifts

Morning and evening salivary melatonin, sleepiness and chronotype: A comparative study of nurses on fixed day and rotating night shifts

Light and Life at Night as Circadian Rhythm Disruptors

Healthcare Shift Workers’ Temporal Habits for Eating, Sleeping, and Light Exposure: A Multi-Instrument Pilot Study

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