Identifying Patterns of Developmental Delays Can Help Diagnose Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Tervo, Raymond C.

doi:10.1177/0009922806290566

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Executive functions play an important role in socio-emotional functions (4), educational functions, use of working memory, problem solving, goal setting for doing tasks (5) and motor behaviors (6). Children with autism have a defective cognitive flexibility (7,8), planning abilities (7,9), response inhibition (10) and attention (11) in executive functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Sustained, Selective and Shifting Attention and Behavioral Symptoms in Children With High-Functioning Autism

et al. 2015

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Background:The association of autism symptoms and cognitive abilities can facilitate the etiology and treatment of autism disorders. Destruction of executive functions is one of the several potential cognitive phenotypes in autism. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between deficit executive functions and behavioral symptoms in children with high-functioning autism. Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 50 children with high-functioning autism were selected using the convenience sampling method. The Gilliam autism rating scale, high-functioning autism spectrum screening questionnaire, The Stroop color and word test, continuous performance test and shifting attention test were administered. Pearson correlation coefficient and multi-variant regression were used to analyze the data. Results: There was a positive correlation between selective attention with communication and social interactions (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between sustained attention with social interactions and stereotyped behaviors (P < 0.05, P < 0.001). Moreover, there also was a positive correlation between shifting attention and communication, social interactions and stereotyped behaviors (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001). The results of regression analysis showed that selective attention and shifting attention can predict communication (P < 0.01). Sustained attention can predict social interactions and stereotyped behaviors (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The results of this study suggest that executive functions play an important role in symptoms of children with highfunctioning autism. It is recommended to design new therapeutic interventions to restore executive functions in children with highfunctioning autism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Sustained, Selective and Shifting Attention and Behavioral Symptoms in Children With High-Functioning Autism

et al. 2015

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“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 5% of the world’s children who were below 14 years of age suffered from moderate to severe DD-associated disability most of which would have been either prevented or managed, if detected early [6]. Another study also found that 8% of all pre-school children from birth to 6 years had developmental problems and showed delay in one or more developmental domains [7]. Similarly, a related report from Central Region of Ghana indicated that 1.8% of disabilities were found among 2556 sampled Children who were less than 15 years [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for developmental delay among children attending a rural community welfare clinic in Ghana

2013

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BackgroundPeriodic screening for developmental delays (DD) could avert the incidence of disability among children. However, such routine programme is yet to take off in rural welfare clinics in Ghana.MethodMothers of under-5 children who were attending rural child welfare clinic participated in this study. The socio-demographic data of the mothers and their children were recorded. The children were screened to assess their gross motor skills, fine motor skills, communication skills, problem solving/cognition and social/personal interaction using Ages and Stages Questionnaire. Score below the threshold points on a developmental domain defines DD for a child. Data analysis involved percentages and frequency while Chi-square was performed to determine the associations between the selected socio-demographic risk factors and DD. Alpha value was set at p < 0.05.ResultsThree hundren and thirty (330) children were screened and majority 60(18%), were found within the age range 3 months 1 day to 5 months 0 day. 251(76%) had normal weight (2.5 kg-3.5) while 26(7.6%) were underweight (<2.5 kg). Generally, 147(44.6%) of the children had DD in the different domains of the questionnaires. 41(12.4%) had DD in social/personal interaction while 19(5.8%) were delayed in the communication domain. Birth weight and duration of gestation were significantly associated with communication domain while the level of education of the mothers and duration of gestation were significantly associated with gross motor domain.ConclusionAn appreciable proportion of the children were found to experience developmental delays and the most prevalent occurence was in personal/social interaction. Birth weight, gestational age and maternal educational level provide insight into a link with communication and gross motor skills.

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“…Neurodevelopment refers to central nervous system development with acquisition of motor, sensory, language, social and cognitive skills which gradually appear in an evolving sequence from birth [1] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Delayed Neurodevelopment in Children from Bogotá, Colombia, South America

2007

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Background: Undiagnosed children with neurodevelopment delay disorders (NDD) frequently experience school difficulties, leading to school desertion or academic failure with subsequent familial, social and work-related problems. Methods: In 2004–2005, we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of developmental delay among preschoolers in Bogotá (Colombia); convenience samples in several socioeconomic areas of the city were screened to define the prevalence of NDD. Parents and teachers were interviewed to identify children with possible NDD. Selected children were evaluated with a neurodevelopmental abbreviated scale (EAD-1). Results: We screened 2,043 preschool children aged <60 months; 288 suspected cases were examined individually using the EAD-1 scale. One or more abnormal items (alert category) were found in 67 (23.3%) children, for an estimated prevalence of 32.8‰ children <5 years of age, including deficits in gross motor function (9.3‰), personal-social interactions (9.8‰), fine motor skills (10.3‰), auditory language delay (18.6‰) and overall delay (10.8‰). Conclusions: There is limited information regarding the prevalence of neurodevelopmental delay in nonindustrialized countries. The prevalence obtained in Bogotá, Colombia, is within the expected range; however, we identified NDD among apparently healthy children from nurseries and kindergartens, who had previously been undiagnosed and untreated. Lack of evaluation of developmental milestones in children in Colombia is a substantial public health problem that will require effective intervention.

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Identifying Patterns of Developmental Delays Can Help Diagnose Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Abstract: Speech and Language DelayDisorders of speech and language development are the most prevalent among children with developmental disabilities. 10 Eleven percent of toddlers have a speech and language impairment. Clinical diagnoses to con- JULY 2006CLINICAL PEDIATRICS 509

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Relationship Between Sustained, Selective and Shifting Attention and Behavioral Symptoms in Children With High-Functioning Autism

Relationship Between Sustained, Selective and Shifting Attention and Behavioral Symptoms in Children With High-Functioning Autism

Screening for developmental delay among children attending a rural community welfare clinic in Ghana

Prevalence of Delayed Neurodevelopment in Children from Bogotá, Colombia, South America

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