Identifying modifiable risk factors and screening strategies associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in children aged 6 to 13 years: A systematic review

Heering, Theresa; Rolley, Tess L; Lander, Natalie; Fox, Aaron; Barnett, Lisa M; Duncan, Michael J

doi:10.1080/02640414.2023.2268900

Journal of Sports Sciences

2023

DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2268900

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Identifying modifiable risk factors and screening strategies associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in children aged 6 to 13 years: A systematic review

Theresa Heering,

Tess L Rolley,

Natalie Lander

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 4 publications

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Kinematics of 90° change of direction in young football players: Insights for ACL injury prevention from the CUTtheACL study on 6008 trials

Della Villa,

Di Paolo,

Crepaldi

et al. 2024

Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc.

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PurposeTo investigate the 90° change of direction (COD) task in an extensive cohort of competitive healthy football players within the CUTtheACL study and to provide normative values and differences between males and females for full‐body kinematics based on two‐dimensional (2D) video analysis and scoring system.MethodsOne‐thousand‐and‐two competitive football (soccer) players (age 16.3 ± 2.8 years, 264 females) were prospectively enroled. Each player performed three preplanned 90° COD tasks per limb. The 2D evaluation was performed through objective measures (collected through three high‐speed cameras) of frontal and sagittal plane joint kinematics at the cut initial foot contact (IC) and maximum knee flexion angle. A previously published scoring system was adopted to measure the movement quality of the COD task. The scoring system included five criteria (limb stability [LS], pelvis stability [PS], trunk stability [TS], shock absorption [SA], movement strategy [MS]) ranked from 0/2 (nonadequate) to 2/2 (adequate) with a maximum score of 10/10. Normative data were provided for all the variables; statistical differences between male and female players were investigated (p < 0.05).ResultsA total of 6008 valid attempts were included. Frontal plane knee projection angle (FPKPA) at initial contact was 24.4 ± 9.8° (95th percentile: FPKPA > 40°). The total score was ≤4/10 in 71.2% of the trials, the lowest subscores were LS and PS. Female players showed different movement patterns with lower hip and trunk flexion both at IC and maximum knee flexion angle (p < 0.01, ES = 0.41–0.64). Female players also showed worse scores than males in SA, MS and total score (p < 0.01).ConclusionFemale players seem more prone to stiffer lower limb strategy and greater pelvis–trunk frontal plane instability than males. Clinicians could adopt normative data and sex‐specific differences in players' movement techniques to improve ACL injury risk mitigation protocols.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.

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Kinematics of 90° change of direction in young football players: Insights for ACL injury prevention from the CUTtheACL study on 6008 trials

Della Villa,

Di Paolo,

Crepaldi

et al. 2024

Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc.

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IOC consensus statement on elite youth athletes competing at the Olympic Games: essentials to a healthy, safe and sustainable paradigm

Bergeron,

Côté,

Cumming

et al. 2024

Br J Sports Med

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With the pronounced ongoing growth of global youth sports, opportunities for and participation of youth athletes on the world sports stage, including the Olympic Games, are expected to escalate. Yet, adolescence is a vulnerable period of development and inherently dynamic, with non-linear and asynchronous progression of physical, physiological, psychological and social attributes. These non-concurrent changes within and between individuals are accompanied by irregular and unpredictable threats and impediments. Likewise, the evident age-based criteria and conventional path for those youth athletes deemed eligible candidates for the Olympic Games are not well or consistently defined. Furthermore, the unstructured and largely varying policies and practices across the sporting International Federations specific to youth participation underscore the need to establish a contemporary universal paradigm that would enable elite youth athletes to navigate an individualised healthy pathway to personal, athletic and sport success. First, we reviewed and summarised key challenges facing elite youth athletes and the relevant evidence fundamental to facilitating and supporting central aspects of health and well-being, while empowering safe, sustainable and positive engagement during athletic and personal advancement and competition. Second, we developed and present a modern elite youth athlete model that emphasises a child-centred, practical framework with corresponding guidelines and recommendations to protect health and well-being while safely and favourably managing international sport competition. Our proposed evidence-informed paradigm will enable and support individualised pathways for healthy, well-rounded and sustainable positive engagement while achieving sport success for youth contending or aiming to compete at world-class international sporting events.

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The Relationship Between Motor Competence and Landing Error Scoring System Performance in Youth Soccer Players

Duncan,

Heering,

Tallis

et al. 2024

Journal of Strength &Amp; Conditioning Research

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Duncan, MJ, Heering, T, Tallis, J, Guimaraes-Ferreira, L, Martins, R, Crotti, M, Barnett, L, Lander, N, and Lyons, M. The relationship between motor competence and landing error scoring system performance in youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—This study examined the relationship between motor competence (MC) and Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) performance in a sample of male junior grassroots footballers aged 10–13 years. Ninety-eight boys aged 10–13 years (mean ± SD = 11.7 ± 1 years) undertook assessment of MC, using the Test of Gross Motor Development (third edition) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk using the LESS. Height and mass were assessed from which maturity status was predicted. Multiple backward linear regressions indicated a significant model (p = 0.001), which explained 49% of the variance in LESS scores. Locomotor MC (β = −0.538, p = 0.001), object control MC (β = −0.261, p = 0.004), and age (β = 1.17, p = 0.03) significantly contributed to the model. Maturity offset (p = 0.100) was not significant. Analysis of covariance (controlling for age and maturity offset) indicated a significant difference in locomotor MC between those classified as poor for LESS. A similar result was observed for object control MC (p = 0.003, = 0.09), where those classed as poor for LESS had significantly poorer object control MC compared with those classed as excellent, good, and moderate. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between both locomotor and object control MC and errors in drop jump landing mechanics in boys aged 10–13 years, with MC explaining nearly 50% of the variance in LESS scores. Practically, this study indicates that MC, particularly locomotor MC, has potential to identify performance in jump landing tests that are associated with increased risk of ACL injury in boys who play grassroots soccer.

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Identifying modifiable risk factors and screening strategies associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in children aged 6 to 13 years: A systematic review

Cited by 4 publications

References 82 publications

Kinematics of 90° change of direction in young football players: Insights for ACL injury prevention from the CUTtheACL study on 6008 trials

Kinematics of 90° change of direction in young football players: Insights for ACL injury prevention from the CUTtheACL study on 6008 trials

IOC consensus statement on elite youth athletes competing at the Olympic Games: essentials to a healthy, safe and sustainable paradigm

The Relationship Between Motor Competence and Landing Error Scoring System Performance in Youth Soccer Players

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