Abstract:Context
Determining meaningful aspects of health is crucial for outcome assessment; however, limited literature exists on the aspects of health that are deemed meaningful by the athletic patient population.
Objective
To identify experiences and meaningful outcomes after lower extremity (LE) musculoskeletal injury among collegiate athletes.
Design
Qualitative … Show more
“…The first phase of our study 15 involved conducting semistructured, face-to-face interviews with collegiate athletes to explore their experiences and meaningful outcomes after LE musculoskeletal injury. General inductive analysis allowed us to identify the themes and personal experiences that were meaningful to the patients.…”
Context
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a framework and common language for describing and understanding health that incorporates function and disability, as well as contextual factors. However, whether the meaningful patient outcomes reported by collegiate athletes who have sustained a lower extremity (LE) injury correspond to the ICF model is uncertain.
Objectives
To determine if the patient outcomes reported by collegiate athletes after LE injury corresponded with the ICF classification and to identify the most relevant ICF categories and domains.
Design
Themes and subthemes from the qualitative analysis were linked to the ICF using established linking rules. The frequencies of the linked ICF categories were identified.
Setting
University laboratory.
Patients or Other Participants
Twenty collegiate athletes (10 men, 10 women; age = 20.1 ± 1.83 years) from a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I institution in the Midwest who had sustained an LE injury.
Data Collection and Analysis
Semistructured face-to-face interviews and ICF linking process.
Results
The data from the qualitative interviews were successfully linked to 63 ICF second-level domains (eg, moving around, d455) across all 4 ICF categories: body functions (b), body structures (s), activities and participation (d), and environmental factors (e). The 63 second-level domains corresponded with 20 first-level domains (eg, mobility, d4).
Conclusions
The ICF provided a common language for describing health and disability, as all outcomes reported by our collegiate athletes after LE injury were linked with the ICF classification. Athletic trainers should use the results of this study for assessing and monitoring collegiate athletes' health and function after an LE injury.
“…The first phase of our study 15 involved conducting semistructured, face-to-face interviews with collegiate athletes to explore their experiences and meaningful outcomes after LE musculoskeletal injury. General inductive analysis allowed us to identify the themes and personal experiences that were meaningful to the patients.…”
Context
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a framework and common language for describing and understanding health that incorporates function and disability, as well as contextual factors. However, whether the meaningful patient outcomes reported by collegiate athletes who have sustained a lower extremity (LE) injury correspond to the ICF model is uncertain.
Objectives
To determine if the patient outcomes reported by collegiate athletes after LE injury corresponded with the ICF classification and to identify the most relevant ICF categories and domains.
Design
Themes and subthemes from the qualitative analysis were linked to the ICF using established linking rules. The frequencies of the linked ICF categories were identified.
Setting
University laboratory.
Patients or Other Participants
Twenty collegiate athletes (10 men, 10 women; age = 20.1 ± 1.83 years) from a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I institution in the Midwest who had sustained an LE injury.
Data Collection and Analysis
Semistructured face-to-face interviews and ICF linking process.
Results
The data from the qualitative interviews were successfully linked to 63 ICF second-level domains (eg, moving around, d455) across all 4 ICF categories: body functions (b), body structures (s), activities and participation (d), and environmental factors (e). The 63 second-level domains corresponded with 20 first-level domains (eg, mobility, d4).
Conclusions
The ICF provided a common language for describing health and disability, as all outcomes reported by our collegiate athletes after LE injury were linked with the ICF classification. Athletic trainers should use the results of this study for assessing and monitoring collegiate athletes' health and function after an LE injury.
Context: Patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs) have been endorsed for providing patient-centered care. However, PROMs must represent their target populations.
Objective: Identify the primary concerns of collegiate-athletes experiencing injury and compare those to the content of established PROMs.
Design: Cross-Sectional
Setting: Collegiate athletic training facilities
Patients or Other Participants: Collegiate athletes experiencing injury(n=149).
Main Outcome Measures: Open-ended response to the Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile(MYMOP-2) were used to identify primary concerns, which were linked to International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health(ICF) taxonomy codes. Items of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System(PROMIS®), modified Disablement of the Physically Active Scale(mDPAS), Lower Extremity Functional Scale(LEFS), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score(KOOS), International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form(IKDC), the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), Disablement of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand(DASH), Functional Arm Scale for Throwers(FAST), and Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic questionnaire(KJOC) were linked to ICF codes. Chi-square single-sample goodness-of-fit tests examined if 70% of content was shared between PROM and participant-generated codes.
Results: Participant-generated concerns were primarily related to sport-participation(16%) and pain(23%). Chi-square tests showed that the LEFS and FAAM presented significant content differences with common participant-generated lower extremity responses at all levels. The PROMIS®, DASH, mDPAS, KOOS, IKDC, FAST, and KJOC did not have significant content differences for level 2 codes; however, significant differences were present for level 3 analyses except for the KOOS and IKDC.(p<0.001). All measures except the IKDC contained significant superfluous content(p<0.05).
Conclusions: The presence of significant content differences supports clinician perceived barriers regarding relevance of established PROMs. However, the IKDC was observed to be a relevant and efficient PROM for evaluating the primary concerns of collegiate-athletes experiencing lower extremity injury. Clinicians should consider utilizing patient-generated measures to support coverage of patient-specific concerns in care.
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