“…In this evolving and technology-rich landscape, language learning practices are changing, impacted by learners' views of their available times for learning, the locations for their learning and their evolving perspectives of the significance of these fragments of learning experiences (Pachler et al, 2010;Crook, 2012;Liu et al, 2016). Hence, language learning in everyday environments has become more self-directed and learnercentered as the mobile devices assist and enhance the processes of resource sharing, creation and collaboration among communities of learners (Godwin-Jones, 2011;Wang, Liu and Hwang, 2017).…”