Identifying existing management practices in the control of <i>Striga asiatica</i> within rice–maize systems in mid‐west Madagascar

Scott, Donald; Scholes, Julie D.; Randrianjafizanaka, Meva Tahiry; Randriamampianina, Jean Augustin; Autfray, Patrice; Freckleton, Robert P.

doi:10.1002/ece3.8085

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, these results clearly show individual crops which perform better than others. The notable effects of crop variety on parasitic weed density support studies of individual parasitic weeds [45][46][47]76,77 . This effect also supports the rationale of a broader effort to identify and breed crop varieties resistant or tolerant to a wide range of parasitic weed pests 4,78 .…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The importance of rainfall and soil moisture is also shown across reviews of future weed distribution trends (e.g. 79 ), niche modelling [80][81][82] and landscape-scale studies of parasitic weeds 77 . Drier, warmer climates across many areas of Eurasia, South and North America, combined with more erratic rainfall patterns will favour the spread of many of the most problematic parasitic weeds such as Striga and Orobanche.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crop diversification and parasitic weed abundance: a global meta-analysis

Scott

Freckleton

2022

Sci Rep

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Parasitic weeds cause huge annual losses to food production globally. A small number of species from the genera Cuscuta, Orobanche, Phelipanche and Striga have proliferated across many agroecological zones. Their control is compromised due to the lack of efficacy of conventional herbicides and their rapid adaptation to new resistant crop cultivars. A broad range of studies suggest consistent reductions in parasitic weed densities owing to increased spatial (intercropping) and temporal diversity (crop rotation). However, to date, no synthesis of this body of research has been published. Here we report the results of a meta-analysis using 1525 paired observations from 67 studies across 24 countries, comparing parasitic weed density and crop yields from monocrop and more diverse cropping systems. We found both spatial and temporal crop diversification had a significant effect on parasitic weed density reduction. Furthermore, our results show effects of spatial diversification are stronger in suppressing parasitic weeds than temporal effects. Furthermore, the analysis indicates intercrops which alter both microclimate and soil chemistry (e.g. Crotalaria, Stylosanthes, Berseem clover and Desmodium) are most effective in parasitic weed management. This analysis serves to underline the viability of crop diversification as a tool to enhance food security globally.

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Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop diversification and parasitic weed abundance: a global meta-analysis

Scott

Freckleton

2022

Sci Rep

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Phenotyping for Resistance to Striga Asiatica in Rice and Maize Mutant Populations in Madagascar

Rakotoarisoa,

Rabefiraisana,

Rasoamampionona

et al. 2023

Mutation Breeding and Efficiency Enhancing Technologies for Resistance to Striga in Cereals

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Striga asiatica is a major constraint to rain-fed rice (Oryza sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) production in the Middle West and South regions of Madagascar. This work aims to establish a robust and efficient field and glasshouse screening protocol for identification of rice and maize mutants having resistance/tolerance to Striga asiatica by assessing the host plant phenotypic response under severe S. asiatica infestation in soil. Our screening strategy involved field and glasshouse experiments where soils were artificially infested with S. asiatica seeds under fertilizer-free growing conditions. Two maize (Plata and IRAT200), and two rice (B22 and F154), farmer-preferred Striga susceptible varieties, gamma irradiated at different doses were screened in a Striga endemic area of the Middle West and compared to their respective unmutagenized lines. Rice M3 to M5 progenies were also screened in Striga infested pots in a glasshouse. Developed protocols enabled the production of promising new Striga resistant/tolerant varieties in both maize and rice adapted to Malagasy agriculture.

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