Identifying areas of improvement for cultural competence in pharmacy curricula: A multi-school study using the self-assessment of perceived level of cultural competence (SAPLCC) questionnaire

Echeverri, Margarita; Unni, Elizabeth J.; Harpe, Spencer E.; Kavookjian, Jan; Alkhateeb, Fadi M.; Ekong, Gladys; Law, Anandi V.

doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2021.07.013

Cited by 2 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The SAPLCC version two was developed and used to assess cultural competence across all four years of pharmacy curricula at a single point in time in student pharmacists from eight universities [ 19 ]. When comparing these first-year students to our first-year students’ post-course data, eleven of our fourteen-factor mean scores and the total score (2.6 vs. 3.4, respectively) are greater.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…African American student scores were higher than white student scores for all factors and Asian student scores for all but one factor [ 16 ]. In the SAPLCC version two study with 61% minority students from eight universities, race differences were reported for all factors [ 19 ]. Thus, minority student population might influence outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Students completed the SAPLCC version two survey [ 18 , 19 ] at the beginning and end of the course. Each survey completion was worth one percent of the final score.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Domain, factor, and total scores were normalized by dividing by the number of survey items in each component. Normalized domain, factor, and total mean scores were categorized into three outcome categories defined as high if 3 or more points, moderate if between 2 and 3 points and low if less than 2 points, cutpoints used in the SAPLCC validation article [ 19 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The survey had good reliability (overall Cronbach’s alpha scores were 0.95 and 0.8 or higher for the factors). The data were further analyzed by program year [ 19 ]. Mean scores after the fourth year were below maximum values, suggesting curriculum changes needed and additional education and training required after graduation [ 16 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Assessment of Cultural Competence and Social Determinants of Health within a First-Year Required Pharmacy Course

Kucherepa

O’Connell

2021

Pharmacy

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As social determinants of health (SDOH) and health disparities are integrated with cultural competence in healthcare education, tools assessing multiple topics are needed. The Self-Assessment of Perceived Level of Cultural Competence (SAPLCC) survey is validated in student pharmacists and includes SDOH. The research objective was to determine if the SAPLCC survey can quantify cultural competence and SDOH course learning. First-year student pharmacists (N = 87) completed the SAPLCC survey anonymously before and after a social and administrative sciences course. The survey had 75 items with 1–4 Likert scales (4 high, total 300 points). All items were summed for the total score. Each item was assigned to a domain and factor. Factors were assigned to domains. The baseline total score was 190 ± 29 points, increasing by 63 ± 33 points post-course. All domains (i.e., knowledge, skills, attitudes, encounters, abilities, awareness), 13 of 14 factors, and total scores statistically increased. The SAPLCC tool captured student pharmacists’ self-reported changes in cultural competence and SDOH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Students completed the SAPLCC version two survey [ 18 , 19 ] at the beginning and end of the course. Each survey completion was worth one percent of the final score.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Assessment of Cultural Competence and Social Determinants of Health within a First-Year Required Pharmacy Course

Kucherepa

O’Connell

2021

Pharmacy

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Teaching cultural competence to undergraduate pharmacy students using vignettes (case scenarios) as an innovative teaching intervention

Nkhoma¹,

Lim²,

Kennedy

et al. 2023

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Objective Cultural competence is instrumental in reducing health equities. Addressing cultural competence at higher education level in healthcare students lays a solid cultural competence foundation for professional practice. The use of vignettes as a teaching intervention was effective because it allowed the use of role-modelling in real-life situations. The study aimed to enhance cultural competence in undergraduate pharmacy students using a self-directed online interactive cultural competence module embedded with three vignettes (case scenarios). Method This study was an exploratory longitudinal mixed method (survey and written feedback) study and used a convenience sample of 90 pharmacy students at an Australian University. Students’ self-perceived transcultural self-efficacy was evaluated pre- and post-intervention using Jeffreys’ Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool (TSET) which is a validated outcome measure. Key findings Vignettes were effective in teaching cultural competence as shown by significant (P < 0.0005) changes pre- to post-intervention in cognitive, practical and affective domains scores using TSET. The affective domain had the least positive mean score change. There was no significant association between any of the demographic factors such as age, gender or birthplace/parents’ birthplace and changes in any of the three domains. Cronbach’s alpha of >0.90 in all domains confirmed the test’s internal consistency and reliability. Conclusions The findings were indicative of the students’ positive receptivity to learning cultural competence and that they had a well-developed understanding of cultural competence. Further research is needed to determine why most cultural competence teaching methods produce little or no meaningful change in enhancing the affective domain.

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Identifying areas of improvement for cultural competence in pharmacy curricula: A multi-school study using the self-assessment of perceived level of cultural competence (SAPLCC) questionnaire

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Self-Assessment of Cultural Competence and Social Determinants of Health within a First-Year Required Pharmacy Course

Self-Assessment of Cultural Competence and Social Determinants of Health within a First-Year Required Pharmacy Course

Teaching cultural competence to undergraduate pharmacy students using vignettes (case scenarios) as an innovative teaching intervention

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