Identifying and managing the ecological risks of using introduced tree species in Sweden’s production forestry

Felton, Adam; Boberg, Johanna; Björkman, Christer; Widenfalk, Olof

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.059

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…These results need to be evaluated in light of hybrid aspen's contribution to climate change mitigation, and ecological concerns (Felton et al 2013) when deciding upon its suitability as an alternative forest land-use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of hybrid aspen there are potential adverse ecological outcomes, due to its partially non-native origin (Felton et al 2013). However, there is also the potential for win-win benefits, primarily associated with their being a broadleaf production forest alternative in this region where there are initiatives to increase the availability of broadleaved tree species, including native aspen (Gustafsson et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-rotation bioenergy stands as an alternative to spruce plantations: implications for bird biodiversity

Lindbladh¹,

Hedwall²,

Wallin³

et al. 2014

Silva Fenn.

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• There is a gap in knowledge regarding the biodiversity implications of replacing production forests with bioenergy stands.• We compared the avian biodiversity of early rotation hybrid aspen stands and spruce plantations, the latter being the dominant production forest type in southern Sweden.• Our results indicate that young hybrid aspen stands can support relatively diverse and distinctive bird communities. AbstractGlobal efforts to decrease dependence on fossil fuels have increased interest in bioenergy production. One source of bioenergy is fast growing deciduous tree species, such as hybrid aspen (Populus × wettsteinii Hämet-Ahti). The majority of research on hybrid aspen which assesses biodiversity implications, has however primarily focused on agricultural lands as the reference condition. This has resulted in a substantial gap in our knowledge regarding the biodiversity implications of replacing production forest types with hybrid aspen, a form of reforestation taking place in northern Europe. In this study we address this knowledge gap by comparing the avian biodiversity of young hybrid aspen and spruce (Picea abies L.) plantations of similar age, the latter being the most prevalent forestry alternative in in southern Sweden. We found that hybrid aspen stands had higher bird species richness and abundance as well as a distinct community composition compared to the spruce stands. We suggest that the most likely driver was the greater structural and tree species complexity in the aspen stands, provided for by the fenced exclusion of ungulates from the regenerating hybrid aspen stands. Our results indicate that at least during early stages of regeneration, and in comparison to the dominating production forest type in the region, hybrid aspen stands can support relatively high levels of bird diversity, and a bird species composition more closely associated with broadleaf habitat types requiring restoration in this region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-rotation bioenergy stands as an alternative to spruce plantations: implications for bird biodiversity

Lindbladh¹,

Hedwall²,

Wallin³

et al. 2014

Silva Fenn.

Self Cite

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“…Containment of alien trees to areas set aside for their cultivation must become an integral part of silviculture and must be incorporated in best-management practice guidelines and certification schemes (e.g., Engelmark et al 2001, Richardson and Rejmánek 2004, Richardson 2011, Dodet and Collet 2012, Felton et al 2013. Silvicultural practices can either enhance or hamper biological invasions (e.g.…”

Section: Modify Plantation Practices To Reduce Problems With Invasivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alien tree species can hybridise and introgress if the species have close relatives in the native flora. This can be undesirable from a conservation point of view (Rhymer and Simberloff 1996, Smulders et al 2008, Felton et al 2013, Kjaer et al 2014, especially if the native species are rare in number compared to planted individuals of the introduced tree (Ducci 2014). The impacts of non-native trees generally increase if the species establish themselves and spread in their new environment outside the area of cultivation, but non-native tree species can have impacts even when they are not fully established or widespread (Ricciardi and Cohen 2007, Jeschke et al 2013, 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planted forests and invasive alien trees in Europe: A Code for managing existing and future plantings to mitigate the risk of negative impacts from invasions

Brundu¹,

Richardson²

2016

141

101

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Planted forests of alien tree species make significant contributions to the economy and provide multiple products and ecosystem services On the other hand, non-native trees now feature prominently on the lists of invasive alien plants in many parts of the world, and in some areas non-native woody species are now among the most conspicuous, damaging and, in some cases, best-studied invasive species. Afforestation and reforestation policies, both on public and private land, need to include clearly stated objectives and principles to reduce impacts of invasive trees outside areas set aside for forestry. With the intention of encouraging national authorities to implement general principles of prevention and mitigation of the risks posed by invasive alien tree species used in plantation forestry into national environmental policies, the Council of Europe facilitated the preparation of a Code of Conduct on Planted Forest and Invasive Alien Trees.This new voluntary Code, comprising 14 principles, complements existing codes of conduct dealing with horticulture and botanic gardens. The Code is addressed to all relevant stakeholders and decision makers in the 47 Member States of the Council of Europe. It aims to enlist the co-operation of the forest sector (trade and industry, national forest authorities, certification bodies and environmental organizations) and associated professionals in preventing new introductions and reducing, controlling and mitigating negative impacts due to tree invasions that arise, directly or indirectly, as a consequence of plantation forestry.

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“…from plantations should be possible to manage with appropriate monitoring, but this should be evaluated further before Eucalyptus spp. are adopted for widespread planting.‖ Unlike Eucalyptus, invasiveness of Populus has not been widely discussed and most attention has been focused on indirect implications of potential hybridization between exotic and native Populus species [53][54][55][56][57][58]. The dilution or alteration of native populations, potential pest and pathogen outbreaks, and impacts on sensitive ecosystems have been cited as potential risks.…”

Section: Invasivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Basis for Sustainable Management of Eucalyptus and Populus as Short-Rotation Woody Crops in the U.S.

Vance

Loehle

Wigley

et al. 2014

Forests

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Short rotation woody crops (SRWC), fast growing tree species that are harvested on short, repeated intervals, can augment traditional fiber sources. These crops have economic and environmental benefits stemming from their capability of supplying fiber on a reduced land base in close proximity to users and when sensitive sites cannot be accessed. Eucalyptus and Populus appear to be genera with the greatest potential to provide supplemental fiber in the U.S. Optimal productivity can be achieved through practices that overcome site limitations and by choosing the most appropriate sites, species, and clones. Some Eucalyptus species are potentially invasive, yet field studies across multiple continents suggest they are slower to disperse than predicted by risk assessments. Some studies have found lower plant and animal diversity in SRWC systems compared to mature, native forests, but greater than some alterative land uses and strongly influenced by stand management, land use history, and landscape context. Eucalyptus established in place of grasslands, arable lands, and, in some cases, native forests can reduce streamflow and lower water tables due to higher interception and transpiration rates but results vary widely, are scale dependent, and are most evident in drier regions. OPEN ACCESS

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Identifying and managing the ecological risks of using introduced tree species in Sweden’s production forestry

Cited by 44 publications

References 126 publications

Short-rotation bioenergy stands as an alternative to spruce plantations: implications for bird biodiversity

Short-rotation bioenergy stands as an alternative to spruce plantations: implications for bird biodiversity

Planted forests and invasive alien trees in Europe: A Code for managing existing and future plantings to mitigate the risk of negative impacts from invasions

Scientific Basis for Sustainable Management of Eucalyptus and Populus as Short-Rotation Woody Crops in the U.S.

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