Identifying and Handling Uncertainties in the Feedback Control Loop

Lemos, Rogério de; Potena, Pasqualina

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802855-1.00014-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…For presentation purposes, it was natural to follow the MAPE-K feedback control loop for identifying the technical challenges, however, questions may be asked about the appropriateness of MAPE-K loop when finding solutions to the wide range of identified challenges. Authorisation infrastructure are inherently quite complex infrastructures, which can be geographically distributed, and this might require architectural solutions for the controller that might go beyond what the classical MAPE-K loop can offer [23,74]. For example, if perpetual evaluations [73] are needed in order to obtained assurances of the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of computer based resources regarding the adaptations performed to the authorisation infrastructure, then new ways of enforcing separation of concerns are needed at the controller level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Engineering Self-Adaptive Authorisation Infrastructures

Montrieux¹,

Lemos²,

Bailey³

2019

Engineering Adaptive Software Systems

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As organisations expand and interconnect, authorisation infrastructures become increasingly difficult to manage. Several solutions have been proposed, including self-adaptive authorisation, where the access control policies are dynamically adapted at run-time to respond to misuse and malicious behaviour. The ultimate goal of self-adaptive authorisation is to reduce human intervention, make authorisation infrastructures more responsive to malicious behaviour, and manage access control in a more cost effective way. In this paper, we scope and define the emerging area of self-adaptive authorisation by describing some of its developments, trends and challenges. For that, we start by identifying key concepts related to access control and authorisation infrastructures, and provide a brief introduction to self-adaptive software systems, which provides the foundation for investigating how self-adaptation can enable the enforcement of authorisation policies. The outcome of this study is the identification of several technical challenges related to self-adaptive authorisation, which are classified according to the different stages of a feedback control loop.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Engineering Self-Adaptive Authorisation Infrastructures

Montrieux¹,

Lemos²,

Bailey³

2019

Engineering Adaptive Software Systems

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“…Some of the existing generic controllers, like Rainbow [3], have been effective in controlling some of aspects of software systems, which can either be structural or parametric. However, if the evolutionary software lifecycle is mapped into the four stages of the MAPE-K loop, new activities need to be associated with each of the stages [2]. For example, the analysis stage may include model checking or testing architectural configurations, These specific activities that go beyond the control of the target system, may need themselves to be self-adaptive.…”

Section: (Not So) Inspirational Mape-k Loopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Software Self-adaptation and Industry: Blame MAPE-K

Lemos

2023

2023 IEEE/ACM 18th Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (SEAMS)

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If software self-adaptation has to be widely adopted by industry, we need to think big, embrace complexity, provide easily deployed and cost-effective solutions, and justify trust. On fairness, MAPE-K should not solely take the blame. MAPE-K is one of the many interpretations of feedback loops apply to systems for which mathematical models -mostly based on control theory, are difficult to be synthesised. MAPE-K has provided a basic and widely accepted framework for justifying the deployment of feedback loops in software systems. Undoubtedly, it has helped to promote and advance the whole area, but now more concrete and resilient solutions are necessary. This position paper argues that, first, industry has been adopting software self-adaptation, perhaps in a way that may not be recognised by the academic community, second, generic solutions are unfeasible since every software system brings its own challenges, and thirdly, the generic stages associated with a feedback loop, like MAPE-K, are insufficient to solve specific challenges.

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“…These micro-controllers would not be restricted to the implementation of services provided by the distinct stages of a MAPE-K loop [29]. Instead, the micro-controllers would be associated with specific services that make up the individual stages of a controller [12]. For example, for the Analysis stage of the MAPE-K loop, a micro-controller would implement the services associated with integration testing [38], or model checking [36].…”

Section: A Micro-controllersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Evaluation of Controllers based on Microservices

Siqueira

Ferrari

Lemos

2023

2023 IEEE/ACM 18th Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (SEAMS)

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In self-adaptive software systems, generic controllers can be configured parametrically according to system needs, even though their reuse is restricted because of the wide range of services that can be provided by each of the stages of a feedback control loop, like MAPE-K. Rainbow is a typical example of such a generic, monolithic controller. This paper advocates controllers that are structurally flexible, and which are composed from micro-controllers, each providing specific services (e.g., based on microservices). To provide evidence on the feasibility of our approach, we compare three different architectural configurations for the controller: monolithic, decentralised, and decentralised with a meta-controller. Results from our experiments indicate that even though the decentralised configuration with a meta-controller demanded more computational resources, it performed comparatively well when compared to the other configurations. We conclude that a multi-layered controller design, based on micro-controllers, provides the basis for defining structurally flexible controllers at operational-time, and may promote reuse at development-time.

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Identifying and Handling Uncertainties in the Feedback Control Loop

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Challenges in Engineering Self-Adaptive Authorisation Infrastructures

Challenges in Engineering Self-Adaptive Authorisation Infrastructures

Software Self-adaptation and Industry: Blame MAPE-K

Design and Evaluation of Controllers based on Microservices

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