Identifying and Estimating Ultraprocessed Food Intake in the US NHANES According to the Nova Classification System of Food Processing

Steele, Eurídice Martinez; O’Connor, Lauren; Juul, Filippa; Baraldi, L.; Monteiro, Carlos Augusto; Parekh, Niyati; Herrick, Kirsten

doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.09.001

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Some critics have argued that the NOVA system is unclearly defined and difficult to implement resulting in substantial discrepancies between different people asked to categorize the same foods according to the NOVA system [28]. However, other studies have found more consistent NOVA ratings between people [29] and standardized approaches to applying the NOVA system are being implemented [30].…”

Section: Ultra-processed Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From dearth to excess: the rise of obesity in an ultra-processed food system

Hall

2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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More people now have obesity than suffer from starvation thanks to our modern food system. Agriculture was transformed over the 20th century by a variety of technological advancements that relied heavily on fossil fuels. In the United States, government policies and economic incentives led to surplus production of cheap inputs to processed food industries that produced a wide variety of heavily marketed, convenient, rewarding, timesaving, and relatively inexpensive ultra-processed foods. The energy available in the food supply increased by much more than the population needs, albeit with large inequities in nutrition security. While most of the rise in per capita food availability during the late 20th and early 21st centuries in the United States resulted in increased food waste, a variety of mechanisms have been proposed by which changes in the increasingly ultra-processed food environment resulted in excess energy intake disproportionately in people genetically susceptible to obesity. As populations continue to grow, substantial investments in coordinated nutrition and agricultural research are needed to transform our current food system to one that relies less on fossil fuels, preserves biodiversity, ensures environmental health, and provides equitable access to affordable, safe and nutritious food that reduces the prevalence of chronic diet-related diseases like obesity. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Causes of obesity: theories, conjectures and evidence (Part I)’.

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Section: Ultra-processed Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From dearth to excess: the rise of obesity in an ultra-processed food system

Hall

2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Another criticism is that the NOVA system is unclearly defined and difficult to implement, with substantial discrepancies between different people asked to rate the same foods according to the NOVA system [23]. However, other studies have found more consistent NOVA ratings between people [24,25].…”

Section: Ultra-processed Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Dearth to Excess: The Rise of Obesity in an Ultra-Processed Food System

Hall¹

2023

Preprint

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More people around the world now have obesity than suffer from starvation thanks to our modern food system. Agriculture was transformed over the 20th century by a variety of technological advancements that relied heavily on fossil fuels. In addition, government policies and economic incentives led to surplus production of cheap inputs to processed food industries that produced a wide variety of heavily marketed, convenient, rewarding, timesaving, and relatively inexpensive ultra-processed foods. The energy available in the food supply increased much more than population needs, albeit with large inequities in food distribution and nutrition security. While most of the rise in per capita food availability during the late 20th and early 21st centuries resulted in increased food waste, a variety of mechanisms have been proposed by which changes in the increasingly ultra-processed food environment resulted in excess energy intake disproportionately in people genetically susceptible to obesity. As populations continue to grow, substantial investments in coordinated nutrition and agricultural research are needed to transform our current food system to one that relies less on fossil fuels, preserves biodiversity, ensures environmental health, and provides equitable access to affordable, safe, and nutritious food that reduces the prevalence of chronic diseases like obesity.

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“…Most studies fail to report the degree of agreement in processing categorisation and differences in coders' interpretation of the NOVA definitions can also contribute to inconsistencies between studies in the coding of foods by their degree of processing. Recent efforts have helped improve the quality of reporting in dietary association studies linking processing to health, including formalising a standardised approach to classify foods in nationally representative dietary databases (Steele et al, 2023), the move from FFQ to use more appropriate exposure assessments, and the use of emerging biomarkers of UPF consumption to better validate the accuracy of quantitative dietary records (Huybrechts et al, 2022). These approaches are welcomed and will enhance the quality of reported findings in the future.…”

Section: Processing the Evidence To Evaluate Mechanisms Costs And Fut...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing the evidence to evaluate mechanisms, costs and future solutions

Forde

2023

Nutrition Bulletin

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Identifying and Estimating Ultraprocessed Food Intake in the US NHANES According to the Nova Classification System of Food Processing

Cited by 34 publications

References 43 publications

From dearth to excess: the rise of obesity in an ultra-processed food system

From dearth to excess: the rise of obesity in an ultra-processed food system

From Dearth to Excess: The Rise of Obesity in an Ultra-Processed Food System

Processing the evidence to evaluate mechanisms, costs and future solutions

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