Identifying an Essential Package for Early Child Development: Economic Analysis

Horton, Susan; Black, Maureen M.

doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-0423-6_ch24

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…An essential package for ECD. Chapter 24 in this volume (Horton and Black 2017) develops a basic ECD package relevant for low-income countries; the package focuses on parenting programs and encourages "responsive stimulation" (the positive interaction between a young child and his or her caregiver, with mutual benefit). These programs are estimated to cost US$6 per child and are delivered in the first 1,000 days.…”

Section: Delivery Platforms For Early Interventions At Different Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child and Adolescent Health and Development: Realizing Neglected Potential

Bundy¹,

Silva²,

Horton³

et al. 2017

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 8): Child and Adolescent Health and Development

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116

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Section: Delivery Platforms For Early Interventions At Different Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child and Adolescent Health and Development: Realizing Neglected Potential

Bundy¹,

Silva²,

Horton³

et al. 2017

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 8): Child and Adolescent Health and Development

Self Cite

116

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“…3 Individual home visits can offer personalised feedback, support, and problem solving to overcome personal and family barriers to behaviour change, but can be expensive to implement at scale in LMIC settings. 7 Group-based models offer potential economies of scale, might modify group norms for child-care, and can provide mothers with increased peer support. 8 However, group meetings might be comparatively weak in overcoming personal barriers to behaviour change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group-based parenting interventions to promote child development in rural Kenya: a multi-arm, cluster-randomised community effectiveness trial

Luoto

García

Aboud

et al. 2021

The Lancet Global Health

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Background Early childhood development (ECD) programmes can help address early disadvantages for the 43% of children younger than 5 years in low-income and middle-income countries who have compromised development. We aimed to test the effectiveness of two group-based delivery models for an integrated ECD responsive stimulation and nutrition education intervention using Kenya's network of community health volunteers. MethodsWe implemented a multi-arm, cluster-randomised community effectiveness trial in three rural subcounties across 60 villages (clusters) in western Kenya. Eligible participants were mothers or female primary caregivers aged 15 years or older with children aged 6-24 months at enrolment. If married or in established relationships, fathers or male caregivers aged 18 years or older were also eligible. Villages were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to one of three groups: group-only delivery with 16 fortnightly sessions; mixed delivery combining 12 group sessions with four home visits; and a comparison group. Villages in the intervention groups were randomly assigned (1:1) to invite or not invite fathers and male caregivers to participate. Households were surveyed at baseline and immediately postintervention. Assessors were masked. Primary outcomes were child cognitive and language development (score on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development third edition), socioemotional development (score on the Wolke scale), and parental stimulation (Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment inventory). Analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03548558. Findings Between Oct 1 and Nov 12, 2018, 1152 mother-child dyads were enrolled and randomly assigned (n=376 group-only intervention, n=400 mixed-delivery intervention, n=376 comparison group). At the 11-month endline survey (Aug 5-Oct 31, 2019), 1070 households were assessed for the primary outcomes (n=346 group only, n=373 mixed delivery, n=351 comparison). Children in group-only villages had higher cognitive (effect size 0•52 SD [95% CI 0•21-0•83]), receptive language (0•42 SD [0•08-0•77]), and socioemotional scores (0•23 SD [0•03-0•44]) than children in comparison villages at endline. Children in mixed-delivery villages had higher cognitive (0•34 SD [0•05-0•62]) and socioemotional scores (0•22 SD [0•05-0•38]) than children in comparison villages; there was no difference in language scores. Parental stimulation also improved for group-only (0•80 SD [0•49-1•11]) and mixeddelivery villages (0•77 SD [0•49-1•05]) compared with the villages in the comparison group. Including fathers in the intervention had no measurable effect on any of the primary outcomes. Interpretation Parenting interventions delivered by trained community health volunteers in mother-child groups can effectively promote child development in low-resource settings and have great potential for scalability.

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“…Several studies examine health interventions that improve human capital and value the outcome according to higher wages. These include interventions in early child development and preschool (Horton and Black 2017), school feeding and deworming (Fernandes and Aurino 2017) and programs to educate school-age children and adolescents in health prevention (Horton and others 2017). Other studies include future wages and averted future health care costs in regard to malaria elimination (for example, Mills, Lubell, and Hanson 2008) and improvements in sanitation (Hutton 2013;Whittington and others 2009).…”

Section: Contribution Of Disease Control Priorities (Third Edition) To Bca In the Health Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 9): Improving Health and Reducing Poverty

Jamison¹,

Gelband²,

Horton³

et al. 2017

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122

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This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

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Identifying an Essential Package for Early Child Development: Economic Analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Child and Adolescent Health and Development: Realizing Neglected Potential

Child and Adolescent Health and Development: Realizing Neglected Potential

Group-based parenting interventions to promote child development in rural Kenya: a multi-arm, cluster-randomised community effectiveness trial

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 9): Improving Health and Reducing Poverty

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