Identification the Cross-Reactive or Species-Specific Allergens of Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Development Molecular Diagnostic Kits for Allergic Diseases

Abstract

Mite allergens are considerable factors in the genesis of allergic diseases. The storage mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Tp) appears in contaminated foods and household surroundings. The current diagnostic tools for Tp allergy are mostly based on crude extracts and still contain shortcomings. This study aimed to investigate the immunoglobulin E (IgE)- responsiveness profiles of Tp-allergic patients and develop a molecular diagnostic method using recombinant allergens. Allergenic components were characterized as cross-reacting or species-specific allergens, in which the effective combinations of recombinant allergens were developed and analyzed in terms of the prediction accuracy for clinical diagnosis. Seven recombinant allergens were cloned and generated to detect the IgE responsiveness of the Tp allergy. A survey on the prevalence of mite allergy showed there were higher sensitizations with IgE responsiveness to house dust mites (HDM) (78.9–80.9%) than to storage mites Tp (35.6%). Prevalence of sensitization to Tp was higher in elderly subjects. The principal IgE-binding components of Tp were Tyr p 1, Tyr p 2 and Tyr p 3. Prediction accuracy for Tp allergy by IgE-responsiveness combination D (Tyr p 1, Tyr p 2 & Tyr p 3) was with high precision (100%). Avoiding the cross-reactivity of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, the prediction accuracy of IgE-responsiveness combination H+ (Tyr p 1, Tyr p 2, Tyr p 3, Tyr p 7, Tyr p 8, Tyr p 10 & Tyr p 20) was suitable for Tp-specific diagnosis. Panels of Tp allergens were generated and developed a diagnostic kit able beneficial to identify IgE-mediated Tp hypersensitivity.

Sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm) and other local allergens in rural Gwanda district of Zimbabwe

“…Tyrophagus putrescentiae sensitization has been reported in Europe and Asia, and its clinical relevance, particularly in elderly subjects, is increasingly recognised [ 49 ]. Although co-sensitisation to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and/or Dermatophagoides farina is common among patients with sensitivity to Tyrophagus putrescentiae [ 50 , 51 ], we are unaware of any studies addressing the molecular composition of mopane worms versus Tyrophagus putrescentiae. We speculate cross-reactive recognition of the two allergen sources as an explanation for the consistently high levels of T. putrescentiae reactivity in contrast with reactivity to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae.…”

Antagonism of Protease Activated Receptor-2 by GB88 Reduces Inflammation Triggered by Protease Allergen Tyr-p3

“…At least 20 kinds of IgE-binding allergenic components of T. putrescentiae have been detected in allergic patient’s sera ( 74 ). Although allergen-specific CD4 + Th2 cells instigate the allergic responses, notably through the production of IgE directed towards mite allergens, recent studies have demonstrated that innate immune activation also plays an important role in mite-induced allergy pathogenesis.…”

Sensitisation To Imbrasia Belina (Mopane Worm) and Other Local Allergens in Rural Gwanda District of Zimbabwe

“…Although co-sensitisation to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and/or Dermatophagoides farina is common among patients with sensitivity to Tyrophagus putrescentiae (50,51), we are unaware of any studies addressing the molecular composition of mopane worms versus Tyrophagus putrescentiae. We speculate cross-reactive recognition of the two allergen sources as an explanation for the consistently high levels of T. putrescentiae reactivity in contrast with reactivity to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae.…”