Identification ofn=3,?n = 0 transitions of Ne I-like Ti XIII in the beam-foil spectrum of titanium

Experimental study of highly ionized spectra of titanium

“…[5] and [6], where the incident energy of the ion was lower than 30 MeV and the charge state of the ion in transition lines was usually in Ti XIII. Fig.…”

EUV Beam-Foil Spectra of Titanium, Iron, Nickel, and Copper

“…Intercombination transitions (with a change of spin, thus connecting term systems of different multiplicity) have lower transition rates and consequently longer upper level lifetimes, by about two orders of magnitude [86,87] or more. For the E1-allowed decays, a typical upper level lifetime for ions of charge states as discussed so far would be expected in the range of 10 to 200 ps [76,78], whereas the upper level lifetimes of 3s-3p intercombination transitions would be expected in the range of 20 to 1000 ns. The former decays are visible as emission from the ion beam close to the exciter foil (the first few mm), whereas the latter are much weaker per section of the ion beam, but they survive out to distances of many cm from the foil.…”

“…An atomic structure problem closely related to the two-electron systems is the one-electron-one-vacancy system of singly excited Ne-like ions. For Ti, this is the spectrum Ti XIII, on which Bochum beam-foil work extensively investigated the level structure [76,77] and level lifetimes [78]. At the same time, the Lund group of Litzén and Jupén was involved in studies of laser-produced plasmas of iron-group elements [79], resulting in some parallel analyses (largely agreeing in the level structure and wavelength results with Bochum and Lyon beam-foil work) and several collaborative studies (among others, see [52,53,[80][81][82][83]).…”

“…However, a calibration curve has been established only for the first-order observation, and it puts the result into rough agreement with prediction. The Bochum beam-foil spectra of Ti have been investigated variously, most often with a view to the spectra Ti XIII and Ti XIV [76,77,[80][81][82][83], and several of the publications have included plots of spectral sections. For the benefit of future interest in the raw spectra, Figures 4-8 show consecutive sections of survey spectra recorded at ion beam energies of 10 and 20 MeV, respectively.…”

“…Unfortunately, those figures have suffered in that journal's procedure for digital archiving. A corresponding spectrum recorded at an ion beam energy of 20 MeV and with a poorer resolution has been presented in [76], together with a simulated spectrum of Ti XIII.…”