Identification of Women's Coronary Heart Disease and Risk Factors Prior to First Myocardial Infarction

Yawn, Barbara P.; Wollan, Peter C.; Jacobsen, Steven J.; Fryer, George E.; Roger, Véronique L.

doi:10.1089/jwh.2004.13.1087

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Yet a medical review of 150 females who suffered a MI between 1996 and 2001 discovered that over a 10-year period prior to their MI, only 52% had been diagnosed with heart disease. This demonstrates a lack of Matura 57 cardiovascular risk factor identification and treatment prior to the females having a MI (Yawn, Wollan, Jacobsen, Fryer, & Roger, 2004).…”

Section: Background and Significance Cardiovascular Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Gender and Circadian Effects of Myocardial Infarctions

Matura

2009

Clin Nurs Res

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This study determines if there are differences in circadian effects of myocardial infarctions (MIs) and MI type, non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI) and ST elevation MI (STEMI), between females and males. A two-group, nonexperimental chart review was conducted. A total of 273 randomly selected patients with an acute MI were included. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, t test and chi square to determine differences between the groups. Of the 109 females, 26% had MI symptoms begin at night, 30% in the morning, 29% in the afternoon, and 15% in the evening (p = .067). In comparison, of the 164 males, 27% had MIs at night, 30% morning, 32% afternoon, and 11% evening (p < .001). There was no circadian difference between females and males and the time of day MI-related symptoms began (p = .887) or a MItype circadian effect (p = 0.466). The majority of patients had MIs during the daytime hours.

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Section: Background and Significance Cardiovascular Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Gender and Circadian Effects of Myocardial Infarctions

Matura

2009

Clin Nurs Res

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“…The new paradigm for sex-specific management of cardiovascular disease in women focuses on diffuse atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and microvascular disease, which may ultimately lead to improved outcomes. 21 Therefore, viewing the needs of women should become an important variable to consider in developing a pain management plan. 22…”

Section: The Study Of Sex and Gender Differences In Pain Management Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Optimal Health: A Discussion on Sex, Gender, and Pain

Godfrey¹,

Mackey²

2008

Journal of Women's Health

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when it comes to pain. Pain research has moved beyond debating whether sex differences in pain exist to recognizing the importance of these differences in managing pain. 1,2 Before this discussion can progress, however, the use of certain terminology must be clarified. Sex-based differences refer to biological features, whereas gender-related differences reflect socially derived characteristics. Although biological sex exerts a major influence on gender identity, sex and gender are not interchangeable. Thus, when anatomical features, such as chromosomes and reproductive features, are at issue, it is a matter of sex-based differences. When measures of masculinity or femininity are referenced, gender is the accurate focus of any comparisons. That said, differences in both sex and gender affect the differences in pain experiences, which is the focus of this discussion.As far back as 1998, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) convened a panel on Pain and Gender. The conclusion, based on available data, was that women experience more pain and discuss pain more frequently than men and require different pain treatments for optimum relief. Pain management, it turns out, is not a one dose fits all program. From the ensuing research, we have learned that women experience pain symptoms during a heart attack differently from men but do not seek prompt treatment. 3 Even when they do, the intervention is often less aggressive, and it may be reflected in lower rates of survival. 4,5 For example:• 44% of women who have heart attacks die within 1 year compared with 27% of men, • 35% of female and 18% of male heart attack survivors will have another heart attack within 6 years. • 46% of female and 22% of male heart attack survivors will be disabledIn 2006, members of the Sex, Gender and Pain Special Interest Group of the International Association for the Study of Pain launched the program "Real Women, Real Pain" to draw attention to the significant impact of chronic pain in women and the lack of attention to this widespread problem. 1 A report by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) shows that as the U.S. population ages, complaints of pain and use of painkillers are rising, particularly among white women older than 45. 6 Although sex-based biology and gender may not account for all the differences in the pain response, research suggests that genetic, anatomical, and functional differences in the brain could have implications for better diagnosis and treatment in women who suffer from chronic pain. 7What is the practical significance or clinical relevance of sex-related differences in pain?Considerable evidence, amassed since the 1990s, suggests that women experience pain differently from men, and sexrelated influences on pain responses are validated. In fact, the significantly higher prevalence of chronic pain disorders in women, such as temporomandibular disorders, fibromyalgia, migraine headaches, and irritable bowel syndrome, mandates attention to chronic pain in women as a necessity for all practitioners. In ad...

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“…Obwohl in den letzten Jahren Fortschritte in der Erforschung von koronaren Herzerkrankungen (KHK) von Frauen erzielt worden sind und dem Thema mehr wissenschaftliche und allgemeine Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet wurde, werden diese oft noch als typisch männ-liche Erkrankungen angesehen [59]. Der Begriff "typisch" ist irreführend, weil relativ mehr Frauen als Männer die Zusammensetzung der älteren Bevölkerung bestimmen.…”

Section: Gesundheitsinformation Hintergrundunclassified