Identification of Wild and Cultivated Sunflower for Breeding Purposes by AFLP Markers

Abstract

Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) represent one of the most powerful polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based markers which enables one to discriminate single plants by DNA analysis. To date this technique has only been applied in cultivated sunflower to detect genetic diversity among oilseed inbred lines. In this article we report the use of AFLP markers to investigate the level of diversity within and between populations of Helianthus argophyllus collected in the Maputo area, Mozambique, both for taxonomic and breeding purposes. Three primer combinations gave the best results with 92 polymorphic fragments and were able to discriminate these wild endemic populations from H. annuus and from one of its interspecific hybrids. Most of the variation (71%) observed was within population, and the dendrogram based on shared fragments did not divide the H. argophyllus genotypes into distinct groups resembling different populations. Moreover the hybrid genotypes formed distinguishable subgroups with the cultivated sunflower genotype, confirming the suitability of this technique for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies. From a breeding point of view, although the 12 populations of H. argophyllus represent a new valuable genetic resource, only two of them possessed most of the variation observed, suggesting that they can be the most promising material for crossing with cultivated sunflower.

Genetic diversity of worldwide Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) germplasm as revealed by RAPD markers

“…These RAPD variations were consistent with some earlier reports (Doetz et al, 1993(Doetz et al, , 1994El Gengaihi et al, 2009), and also were compatible with those RAPD results reported in sunflower (e.g., see Lawson et al, 1994) and those detected by other markers (e.g., see Quagliaro et al, 2001;Wangsomnuk et al, 2006). Such large RAPD variation is expected (Hamrick and Godt, 1998), as Jerusalem artichoke is an outcrossing, hexaploidy (2n = 6x = 102) plant (Swanton et al, 1992).…”

Assessing Genetic Structure and Relatedness of Jerusalem Artichoke (<i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L.) Germplasm with RAPD, ISSR and SRAP Markers

“…Such a level of polymorphism was consistent with some reports based on various molecular markers [28][29][30], and compatible with those results reported in the cultivated sunflower [46,47]. Interestingly, the overall polymorphism was compatible over the three marker types, but the SRAP marker appeared to display a slightly higher polymorphism and detect more DNA fragments with frequencies larger than 0.5.…”

Distinction between Cold-sensitive and -tolerant Jute by DNA Polymorphisms

“…AFLP has been used to examine the genetic relationships among other crop species. These include potato (van Eck et al, 1995), lettuce (Hill et al, 1996), rice (Cho et al, 1996), barley (Powell et al, 1997), soybean (Keim et al, 1997), maize (Vuylsteke et al, 1999), eggplant (Mace et al, 1999), and sunflower (Quagliaro et al, 2001). Previous studies showed that an AFLP analysis has greater discriminatory power than a RAPD analysis and other genomic fingerprinting methods.…”