Identification of voltage‐dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels in sea urchin sperm

Granados-González, Gisela; Mendoza-Lujambio, Irene; Rodríguez, Eric Murillo; Galindo, Blanca E.; Beltrán, Carmen; Darszon, Alberto

doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.10.035

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Five seconds later, a second Ca 2þ channel insensitive to the latter blockers, permeable to Mn 2þ and Na þ , and pH i dependent, opens for minutes and leads to the sperm AR. Interestingly, one of the first two Ca v channel orthologs (Ca v 2.3) recently identified in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus sea urchin sperm is preferentially localized in the acrosome area (Granados-Gonzalez et al 2005). On the other hand, as in the mammalian sperm AR (Santi et al 1998, O'Toole et al 2000, Jungnickel et al 2001, the second channel appears to be a SOC channel (Gonzalez-Martinez et al 2001).…”

Section: Acrosome Reaction In Marine Spermmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2, Wood et al 2005). Furthermore Ca v 1.2 and 2.3 have been immunolocalized to the sea urchin sperm flagella (Granados-Gonzalez et al 2005), hinting at a role for these channels in regulating chemotaxis. The opening of a rapid flagellar Ca 2þ entry pathway has also been shown to generate chemotactic turns in a response to a native chemoattractant in a different species of sea urchin (Bohmer et al 2005).…”

Section: Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sperm channel diversity and functional multiplicity

Darszon¹,

Acevedo-Fernández²,

Galindo³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

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Ion channels are extraordinarily efficient machines that move ions in diversely controlled manners, allowing cells to rapidly exchange information with the outside world and with other cells. Communication is the currency of fertilization, as it is of most fundamental cell signaling events. Ion channels are deeply involved in the dialogue between sperm, its surroundings, and the egg. How sperm swim, find the egg and fertilize it depend on ion permeability changes modulated by environmental cues and components of the egg outer layer. Different ion channels distinctly localized in these tiny, amazing cells perform specific decoding functions that shape the sophisticated behavior of sperm. It is not surprising that certain sperm ion channels are turning out to be unique. New strategies to characterize sperm ion transport have opened exciting possibilities to dissect sperm-egg signaling and unveil novel contraception targets.

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Section: Acrosome Reaction In Marine Spermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm channel diversity and functional multiplicity

Darszon¹,

Acevedo-Fernández²,

Galindo³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

172

174

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“…Immunolocalization was performed as described [25] except that the sperm (1:2500-5000) and primary antibody (10-to 100-fold; 20-2 µg/ml) dilutions were different. Control experiments for tmACs were performed incubating the primary antibody with the corresponding commercial peptide (1:1-1:5M ratio).…”

Section: Immunological Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate and soluble adenylyl cyclases participate in the sperm acrosome reaction

Beltrán

Vacquier

Moy

et al. 2007

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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AbstractcAMP is important in sea urchin sperm signaling, yet the molecular nature of the adenylyl cyclases (ACs) involved remained unknown. These cells were recently shown to contain an ortholog of the mammalian soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC). Here, we show that sAC is present in the sperm head and as in mammals is stimulated by bicarbonate. The acrosome reaction (AR), a process essential for fertilization, is influenced by the bicarbonate concentration in seawater. By using functional assays and immunofluorescence techniques we document that sea urchin sperm also express orthologs of multiple isoforms of transmembrane ACs (tmACs). Our findings employing selective inhibitors for each class of AC indicate that both sAC and tmACs participate in the sperm acrosome reaction. KeywordsAcrosome reaction; cAMP; Adenylyl cyclases; Sea urchin; Soluble adenylyl cyclase; Sperm; fertilization cAMP, an important second messenger in cell signaling, is fundamental in sperm physiology. Sperm must swim, find the egg and undergo the acrosome reaction (AR) to fertilize it [1]. cAMP levels influence sperm ionic fluxes, motility and the AR [2].Two types of adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are expressed in mammals, transmembrane ACs (tmACs) and soluble AC (sAC) molecularly identified in rat testis [3] and sperm [4]. Restricted to the plasma membrane, tmACs are regulated by heterotrimeric G-proteins and stimulated by forskolin [5]. In contrast, sAC is stimulated by bicarbonate [6] and Ca 2+ [7,8]. In addition to sAC, mouse [9] and human [10] sperm apparently also contain tmACs.Why AC activity, cAMP levels, and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) activity increase [11] Sea urchin sperm were believed to have only one type of AC and no G proteins [11,13].Recently an ortholog of the mammalian sperm sAC was cloned and sequenced from a sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus testis cDNA library (susAC). Its activity is higher in the presence of Mn 2+ than Mg 2+ , and is stimulated by pH [18]. Furthermore, sea urchin sperm posses G-proteins [15,19,20]. Here, we show by using specific activators and inhibitors for transmembrane and soluble ACs that both ACs participate in the sperm AR. Moreover, we document the presence of several tmACs and their differential distribution in sperm by immunolocalization and Western blot experiments. PCRs were performed using testis cDNA as template and two oligonucleotide primers. A degenerate sense 5′-TTYGYIGAYATHWSIGG NTT-3′based on rat sAC (Rattus norvegicus), NP067716.1 and an anti-sense 5′-ACGGCTGGCTACATTGACAG-3′; exact match from S. purpuratus coelomocytes AC R61912 EST 030. A 630-bp PCR product was obtained corresponding to one of the two copies of the mammalian adenylyl/guanylyl cyclase catalytic domain. Screening an S. purpuratus testis cDNA Lambda Zap library (Stratagene) with this product yielded two clones containing 26% of the SpAC2 (XP_780688; 479-677) and 25% of the SpAC9 (XP_798394; 509-690) predicted sequences. In addition, we found the predicted sequences for AC1 (SpAC1, XP_787811), AC3 (SpAC3,...

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“…There are considerable species variations in the morphology and consequences of the AR. Extracellular Ca 2+ are required for the AR, which is characterized by two major physiological events: the exocytosis of the acrosomal vesicle and the extension of the acrosomal process [95,96] [40]. On the other hand, as in the mammalian sperm AR [60,98,99], the second channel appears to be a SOC channel [100].…”

Section: Capacitation and Acrosome Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the roles of Ca2+ — permeable channels in sperm

Islam

2006

Open Life Sciences

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Ion channels exert a vital role in the dialogue between male and female gametes and thus in the generation of new individuals in many species. Intracellular Ca 2+ is possibly the key messenger between gametes. Different Ca 2+ -permeable channels have been detected in the plasma membrane and in the organelle-like acrosome membrane of sperm, which play vital roles in determining sperm fertilizing ability. Recent reports from several laboratories have adequately documented that the Ca 2+ -permeable channels of a sperm control a variety of functions ranging from motility to the acrosome reaction. In this article, we have reviewed the data from our and other laboratories, and have documented the mechanisms of different Ca 2+ -permeable channels involved in the fertilization event.

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Identification of voltage‐dependent Ca²⁺ channels in sea urchin sperm

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Sperm channel diversity and functional multiplicity

Sperm channel diversity and functional multiplicity

Particulate and soluble adenylyl cyclases participate in the sperm acrosome reaction

Defining the roles of Ca2+ — permeable channels in sperm

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Identification of voltage‐dependent Ca2+ channels in sea urchin sperm

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Sperm channel diversity and functional multiplicity

Sperm channel diversity and functional multiplicity

Particulate and soluble adenylyl cyclases participate in the sperm acrosome reaction

Defining the roles of Ca2+ — permeable channels in sperm

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Identification of voltage‐dependent Ca²⁺ channels in sea urchin sperm