Identification of Volatile Compounds (VCs) in the Leaves Collected from ‘Gemlik’, ‘Halhalı’ and ‘Sarı Hasebi’ Olive Tree Varieties

Abstract

There is a considerably interest on some fruits and leaves extracts such as olive leaf, due to their beneficial health effects. Olive leaf has been consumed as tea for many years. However, the studies on volatile compounds (VCs) of leaves are scarce. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate of VCs in the leaves collected from 'Gemlik', 'Halhalı' and 'Sarı Hasebi' olive trees varieties grown in Hatay province. The VCs were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using solid phase micro-extraction (SPME). The 97 out of 127 VCs identified were found common in all the olive leaves. Terpenes, aldehydes, alcohols and ketones were identified in the olive leaves as major VCs groups, which accounted for about 36-60%, 20-28%, 6-14% and 4-8% of total VCs identified in leaves, respectively. The relative proportions of these chemical groups showed considerably differences among olive leaves. α-Cubebene was found as major VC followed by transcaryophyllene, α-farnesene, trans-2-hexenal, benzeneethanol, nonanal, trans,trans-2,4-heptadienal, cycloisosativene, trans-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, 2,4-heptadienal, α-humulene, α-muurolene and benzaldehyde. These compounds accounted for 56-75% of total VCs identified in the olive leaves. While 'Halhalı' olive leaf had highest (p<0.01) levels of α-cubebene (31.79%), cycloisosativene (7.69%) and α-muurolene (4.05%), 'Sarı Hasebi' had trans-caryophyllene (23.16%), trans-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (4.65%), αhumulene (3.64%) and 'Gemlik' had benzeneethanol (6.93%), nonanal (5.07%), and benzaldehyde (2.17%) at the highest levels. This study has showed that olive leaves from each variety are a good terpene source that makes them important in terms of beneficial effects on health.

Antioxidant Capacity of Free Volatile Compounds from Olea europaea L. cv. Oblica Leaves Depending on the Vegetation Stage

“…According to Dursun et al, (2017) α-cubebene is a major compound collected in December of olive leaves from Hatay province (Turkey). In this study it was identified only in February with a value of 10.54% [ 39 ]. Linalool was identified in February with a high value of 9.35%, while in December it was detected only with a value of less than one percent.…”

Infestation of the gall midgeDasineura oleaeprovides first evidence of induced plant volatiles in olive leaves

“…Moreover, statistical analysis revealed that germacrene D is also affected by the leaf surface of the sampled shoots both in laboratory and field trials. Two other VOCs, ( Z , E )-α-farnesene and heptadecane, are commonly emitted in small amounts by apple leaves and olive leaves (Bengtsson et al ., 2001; Dursun et al ., 2017). In the present study, they were directly related to the leaf surface of the shoots sampled in the laboratory trials, and their emission increased in infested plants.…”

Spatial and temporal distribution and bioinsecticides control of olive leaf moth in an olive orchard in Southwest of Paraná, Brazil

“…Arbequina presented 68.9% of the total number of larvae counted, evidencing the preference of P. forficifera to host this cultivar, instead Koroneiki. This preference could be explained due to the emission of a greater amount of kairomones, volatile compounds that are associated with greater attractiveness of insects in vegetables and which are variable in amount among olive cultivars (DURSUN et al, 2017). However, this should be confirmed by future research.…”