Identification of volatile compounds, physicochemical and techno-functional properties of pineapple processing waste (PPW)

Abstract

Pineapple processing waste (PPW) majorly includes peel, core, crown and pomace, which has the potential to be used as an ingredient in food, pharmaceuticals and nutraceutical industries. Present study characterizes the different portions of pineapple waste to determine the phytochemical and techno-functional properties as well as volatile compounds. Crown has the highest phenolic content (41.34 mg GAE/g dry matter) followed by pomace, peel and core. The obtained antioxidant capacity was maximum in pomace (23.55%) and was found to be least in core. Crown consists of the utmost level of mineral (34.696 g/kg dry matter) and all the pineapple waste portions indicated highest content of potassium. Though, peel was found to have higher protein content (6.05%), pomace comprises of wider range of both essential (52.46%) (proline, tyrosine, alanine and glutamic acid) and non-essential amino acids (47.54%) (histidine, methionine, lysine, leucine, phenylalanine and isoleucine) in almost equal proportions. Flash GC based e-nose analysis confirmed the presence of distinguish pineapple volatile compounds like, esters (phenylethyl acetate and ethyl nonanoate), aldehydes (decanal, dodecanal and 2,4-decadienal (E,E)) and ketones (undecan-2-one, rheosmin, benzophenone and 4-undecanolide) in PPW. PPW consists of many valuable components which presents an interesting scope for their application. Hence, future studies could make the use of these wastes as probiotic substrate, biopolymer development and in xylooligosaccharides production.

Effect of addition of pineapple peel powder on white finger millet vegan probiotic beverage

“…This mixture was incubated for 30 min at room temperature and absorbance was recorded at 415 nm. Standard curve for known concentration plotted for TFC using quercetin (Sengar et al, 2021).…”

“…DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method was used as described by Sengar et al (2021). Absorbance was recorded at 517 nm.…”

“…The experiment was performed using electronic-nose (E-nose) based on a flash GC (Alpha MOS, Toulouse, France) system. The method described by Sengar et al (2021) was used with slight modification.…”

“…Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to record IR spectra (PerkinElmer, USA) in the wavelength range of 450 to 4000 cm −1 at a resolution of 4 cm −1 and 32 scans to characterize the WFMPB (Sengar et al, 2021).…”

“…They are also rich in amino acid (AA) profile containing essential AA (99.06%) having histidine, leucine, valine, and threonine as major AAs and non-essential AA (0.94%) (Dibanda Romelle et al, 2016;Martínez et al, 2012;Sengar et al, 2021). Fatty acid composition of PPP showed the presence of both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids like α-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and linoleic acid (Morais et al, 2017).…”