Identification of Virulence Determinants During Host-Pathogen Interaction Using Tn-Seq Technology

Peek, Christopher T.; Ibberson, Carolyn B.; Cassat, James E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9849-4_12

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Importantly, genome studies on mastitis-associated E. coli have been questioned by some investigators, who argue the need to simultaneously analyze the host-pathogen interaction ( Zadoks et al, 2011 ; Leimbach et al, 2017 ). For example, it is important to associate physiological traits with genomic data, including techniques such as dual RNA-Seq of the host and bacteria ( Westermann et al, 2016 , 2017 ), Tn-Seq to test virulence association of genes in vivo ( Opijnen et al, 2009 ; Peek et al, 2020 ), comparative SNP analysis of orthologous genes and intergenic regions ( Rocha et al, 2019 ), proteomics ( Zhang H. et al, 2018 ; Bathla et al, 2020 ), and metabolomics ( Tong et al, 2019 ; Hu et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: The Dilemma Of Mammary Pathogenic Escherichia Coli...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges

Goulart

Mellata

2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the udder tissue parenchyma that causes pathological changes in the glandular tissue and abnormalities in milk leading to significant economic losses to the dairy industry across the world. Mammary pathogenic Escherichia (E.) coli (MPEC) is one of the main etiologic agents of acute clinical mastitis in dairy cattle. MPEC strains have virulence attributes to resist the host innate defenses and thrive in the mammary gland environment. The association between specific virulence factors of MPEC with the severity of mastitis in cattle is not fully understood. Furthermore, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat mastitis has resulted in antimicrobial resistance to all major antibiotic classes in MPEC. A thorough understanding of MPEC’s pathogenesis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is required to develop better interventions to reduce mastitis incidence and prevalence in cattle and the environment. This review compiles important information on mastitis caused by MPEC (e.g., types of mastitis, host immune response, diagnosis, treatment, and control of the disease) as well as the current knowledge on MPEC virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance, and the dilemma of MPEC as a new pathotype. The information provided in this review is critical to identifying gaps in knowledge that will guide future studies to better design diagnostic, prevent, and develop therapeutic interventions for this significant dairy disease.

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Section: The Dilemma Of Mammary Pathogenic Escherichia Coli...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges

Goulart

Mellata

2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…USA300 LAC transposon library aliquots were obtained and expanded in 10 mL of BHI in 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks loosely covered with foil for 6 h at 37°C with shaking at 180 rpm ( 19 , 67 ). The expanded library was collected by centrifugation, aliquoted for individual experiments, and thawed on ice as needed, as previously described ( 67 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperglycemia Increases Severity of Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis and Influences Bacterial Genes Required for Survival in Bone

et al. 2023

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“…USA300 LAC transposon library aliquots were obtained and expanded in 10 ml BHI in 50 ml Erlenmeyer flasks loosely covered with foil for 6 hrs at 37°C with shaking at 180 rpm. 19,66 The expanded library was collected by centrifugation, aliquoted for individual experiments, and thawed on ice as needed, as previously described. 66 Briefly, library aliquots were centrifuged at 200 x g for 8 min at 4°C and resuspended in cold, sterile PBS to achieve an inoculum concentration of ~2.5 x 10 9 CFU/ml.…”

Section: Transposon Sequencing Analysis Of Experimental Osteomyelitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,66 The expanded library was collected by centrifugation, aliquoted for individual experiments, and thawed on ice as needed, as previously described. 66 Briefly, library aliquots were centrifuged at 200 x g for 8 min at 4°C and resuspended in cold, sterile PBS to achieve an inoculum concentration of ~2.5 x 10 9 CFU/ml. 2 µl of inoculum was delivered (final concentration of ~5 x 10 6 CFU) via intraosseous injection into the femurs of C57Bl/6J male mice treated with vehicle or STZ, as described above.…”

Section: Transposon Sequencing Analysis Of Experimental Osteomyelitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyperglycemia increases the severity ofStaphylococcus aureusosteomyelitis and influences bacterial genes required for survival in bone

Butrico

Klopfenstein

Green

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Hyperglycemia, or elevated blood glucose, renders individuals more prone to developing severeStaphylococcus aureusinfections.S. aureusis the most common etiological agent of musculoskeletal infection, which is a common manifestation of disease in hyperglycemic patients. However, the mechanisms by whichS. aureuscauses severe musculoskeletal infection during hyperglycemia are incompletely characterized. To examine the influence of hyperglycemia onS. aureusvirulence during invasive infection, we used a murine model of osteomyelitis and induced hyperglycemia with streptozotocin. We discovered that hyperglycemic mice exhibited increased bacterial burdens in bone and enhanced dissemination compared to control mice. Furthermore, infected hyperglycemic mice sustained increased bone destruction relative to euglycemic controls, suggesting that hyperglycemia exacerbates infection-associated bone loss. To identify genes contributing toS. aureuspathogenesis during osteomyelitis in hyperglycemic animals relative to euglycemic controls, we used transposon sequencing (TnSeq). We identified 71 genes uniquely essential forS. aureussurvival in osteomyelitis in hyperglycemic mice and another 61 mutants with compromised fitness. Among the genes essential forS. aureussurvival in hyperglycemic mice was superoxide dismutase A (sodA), one of twoS. aureussuperoxide dismutases involved in detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS). We determined that asodAmutant exhibits attenuated growthin vitroin high glucose andin vivoduring osteomyelitis in hyperglycemic mice. SodA therefore serves an important role during growth in high glucose and promotesS. aureussurvival in bone. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that hyperglycemia increases the severity of osteomyelitis and identify genes contributing toS. aureussurvival during hyperglycemic infection.

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Identification of Virulence Determinants During Host-Pathogen Interaction Using Tn-Seq Technology

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges

Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges

Hyperglycemia Increases Severity of Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis and Influences Bacterial Genes Required for Survival in Bone

Hyperglycemia increases the severity ofStaphylococcus aureusosteomyelitis and influences bacterial genes required for survival in bone

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