Identification of Vibrio alginolyticus as a causative pathogen associated with mass summer mortality of the Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) in China

Yang, Ben; Zhai, Shangyu; Li, Xin; Tian, Jing; Li, Qi; Shan, Hongwei; Liu, Shikai

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736363

Cited by 68 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Oysters were randomly assigned to glass tanks containing 20L seawater. The pathogenic V. alginolyticus strain isolated and purified previously (15) was inoculated in 50mL 2216E broth. The 5×10 8 CFU mL -1 bacterial suspension was used for infection.…”

Section: Hyposalinity Stress and V Alginolyticus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fluctuations of salinity can cause physiological stress, promote pathogenesis of microbial infection, and aggravate disease outbreaks (9)(10)(11). As a benthic filter-feeders, oysters face tremendous exposure to pathogenic microbes, such as Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), V. parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus (12)(13)(14)(15). Disease outbreaks caused by pathogenic microbes pose a major threat to marine ecosystem and shellfish aquaculture in many countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic interaction of hyposalinity stress with Vibrio infection causes mass mortalities in oysters by inducing host microflora imbalance and immune dysregulation

Liu

Li²,

Yang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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A sudden drop in salinity following extreme precipitation events usually causes mass mortalities of oysters exposed to pathogens in ocean environment. While how hyposalinity stress interacts with pathogens to cause mass mortality remains obscure. In this study, we performed an experiment by mimicking hyposalinity stress and pathogen infection with V. alginolyticus to investigate their synergistic effect on the mortality of infected oysters toward understanding of the interaction among environment, host, and pathogen. We showed that hyposalinity stress (10‰, 20‰ versus 30‰) did not significantly affect proliferation and virulence of V. alginolyticus, but significantly altered microbial composition and diversity in infected oysters. Microbial community profiling by 16S rRNA sequencing revealed disrupted homeostasis of digestive bacterial microbiota with increased abundance of several pathogenic bacteria, which may affect the pathogenesis in oysters. Transcriptome profiling of infected oysters revealed that a large number of genes associated with apoptosis and inflammation were significantly induced under hyposalinity, suggesting that hyposalinity stress may have triggered immune dysregulation in infected oysters. This work provides significant information in decoding mechanisms of synergistic interaction among environment factors, host genetics, and digestive microbiota, and how they contribute to pathogenesis.

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Section: Hyposalinity Stress and V Alginolyticus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic interaction of hyposalinity stress with Vibrio infection causes mass mortalities in oysters by inducing host microflora imbalance and immune dysregulation

Liu

Li²,

Yang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The fluctuations of salinity can cause physiological stress ( 9 ), promote pathogenesis of microbial infection, and aggravate disease outbreaks ( 10 – 12 ). As a benthic filter-feeders, oysters are at risk of exposure to tremendous pathogenic microorganisms, such as Ostreid herpesvirus 1 ( OsHV-1 ), Vibrio parahaemolyticus , V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus ( 13 – 16 ). Disease outbreaks caused by pathogenic microbes pose a major threat to marine ecosystem and shellfish aquaculture in many countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, understanding of diseases caused by interaction among the host, environment and pathogens remains obscure. In a previous study, we identified V. alginolyticus as a causative pathogen associated with mass summer mortality of the Pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ), an important oyster species for aquaculture in China ( 16 ). In the present work, we performed an experiment by mimicking a sudden drop of salinity and pathogen infection with V. alginolyticus to investigate their synergistic effect on the mortality of the infected oysters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Interaction of Low Salinity Stress With Vibrio Infection Causes Mass Mortalities in the Oyster by Inducing Host Microflora Imbalance and Immune Dysregulation

Yang

Shi

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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A sudden drop in salinity following extreme precipitation events usually causes mass mortality of oysters exposed to pathogens in ocean environment. While how low salinity stress interacts with pathogens to cause mass mortality remains obscure. In this study, we performed an experiment by low salinity stress and pathogen infection with Vibrio alginolyticus to investigate their synergistic effect on the mortality of the Pacific oyster toward understanding of the interaction among environment, host, and pathogen. We showed that low salinity stress did not significantly affect proliferation and virulence of V. alginolyticus, but significantly altered microbial composition and immune response of infected oysters. Microbial community profiling by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed disrupted homeostasis of digestive bacterial microbiota with the abundance of several pathogenic bacteria being increased, which may affect the pathogenesis in infected oysters. Transcriptome profiling of infected oysters revealed that a large number of genes associated with apoptosis and inflammation were significantly upregulated under low salinity, suggesting that low salinity stress may have triggered immune dysregulation in infected oysters. Our results suggest that host-pathogen interactions are strongly affected by low salinity stress, which is of great significance for assessing future environmental risk of pathogenic diseases, decoding the interaction among environment, host genetics and commensal microbes, and disease surveillance in the oyster.

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“…V. alginolyticus is hosted in mussels, but it has been also detected in finfish and in other seafood [45]. This halophilic bacterium has been known to cause diseases in aquatic animals; however, it can also carry genes that make it a threat to human health [46][47][48][49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Safe to Eat Are Raw Bivalves? Host Pathogenic and Public Health Concern Microbes within Mussels, Oysters, and Clams in Greek Markets

Lattos

Chaligiannis

Papadopoulos

et al. 2021

Foods

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Raw-bivalves consumption is a wide trend in Mediterranean countries. Despite the unambiguous nutritional value of seafood, raw consumption of bivalves may involve risks that could pose a significant threat to consumers’ health. Their filter-feeding behavior is responsible for the potential hosting of a wide variety of microorganisms, either pathogenic for the bivalves or public health threats. Under this prism, the current study was conducted in an effort to evaluate the risk of eating raw bivalves originating from the two biggest seafood markets in Thessaloniki, the largest production area of bivalves in Greece. Both microbiological and molecular methodologies were applied in order to assess the presence of various harmful microbes, including noroviruses, Bonamia, Marteilia, Esherichia coli, Salmonella, and Vibrio. Results indicated the presence of several Vibrio strains in the analyzed samples, of which the halophilic Vibrio harveyi was verified by 16S rRNA sequencing; other than this, no enteropathogenic Vibrio spp. was detected. Furthermore, although Esherichia coli was detected in several samples, it was mostly below the European Union (EU) legislation thresholds. Interestingly, the non-target Photobacterium damselae was also detected, which is associated with both wound infections in human and aquatic animals. Regarding host pathogenic microorganisms, apart from Vibrio harveyi, the protozoan parasite Marteilia refrigens was identified in oysters, highlighting the continuous infection of this bivalve in Greece. In conclusion, bivalves can be generally characterized as a safe-to-eat raw food, hosting more bivalve pathogenic microbes than those of public health concern.

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Identification of Vibrio alginolyticus as a causative pathogen associated with mass summer mortality of the Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) in China

Cited by 68 publications

References 66 publications

Synergistic interaction of hyposalinity stress with Vibrio infection causes mass mortalities in oysters by inducing host microflora imbalance and immune dysregulation

Synergistic interaction of hyposalinity stress with Vibrio infection causes mass mortalities in oysters by inducing host microflora imbalance and immune dysregulation

Synergistic Interaction of Low Salinity Stress With Vibrio Infection Causes Mass Mortalities in the Oyster by Inducing Host Microflora Imbalance and Immune Dysregulation

How Safe to Eat Are Raw Bivalves? Host Pathogenic and Public Health Concern Microbes within Mussels, Oysters, and Clams in Greek Markets

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