Identification of Torch Pathogens in Congenital Cataract Patients Visiting Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology

Abstract

Objective: To assess the rate of positivity of Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex (TORCH) pathogens in patients suffering from congenital cataract in Pakistan.
 Study Design: Cross sectional comparative study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi, from Jun 2017 to Mar 2018.
 Methodology: Cataract group included sixty children already diagnosed with congenital cataract and control group included 60 children not suffering from congenital cataract. Serum samples of all children were collected to test against IgG and IgM antibodies of Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Cytomegalo, Herpes simplex pathogens using enzyme linked immune essay (ELISA) technique. Data were analyzed observe in difference between unilateral and bilateral cataract and between cataract and control group.
 Results: Out of 60 children in cataract group, 29 were tested positive for Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Cytomegalo (CMV), Herpes simplex infections. CMV IgG antibodies were identified in 21 (35%) children followed by Rubella IgG 13 (21.7%), Toxoplasmosis IgG 8 (13.3%), CMV IgM 7 (11.7%), HSV I IgG 5 (8.3%), HSV II IgG 2 (3.3%) and HSV I IgM 1 (1.7%) antibodies. None of the children was positive for Toxoplasmosis, Rubella and HSV II IgM antibodies. There was no statistical difference in rate of positivity of Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex pathogens between unilateral and bilateral cataract and between cataract and control group.
 Conclusion: Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex pathogens are an important cause of congenital cataract with Cytomegalovirus and Rubella virus being most common respectively. In order to prevent paediatric complications, we need........

Etiology of Congenital Cataract in a Tertiary Hospital, Lahore

“…16 Javaid M et al, in their study reported 21.7% of cases to be positive for Rubella IgG. 23 Puja Dewan in her metaanalysis reported that 10-15 % of CRS cases had Cataract. 24 Recognizing the significant impact of CRS as a preventable cause of morbidity, particularly childhood blindness and deafness with lifelong special health and social needs, WHO has strongly recommended use of rubella-containing vaccines in many countries.…”

The Management of ToRCH Cataract Congenital

“…The literature are assessed with CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Program) analisys table and using a modified criteria to assess the literature qualitatively (Table 1). Afterward, the data in literatures are extracted in to the table based on the each ToRCH check up in every literature (Table 2, 3,4,5,6). The data are also extracted based on the ToRCH check up time, which are prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal.…”

“…In middle-east asia, there were 60 patient of congenital cataract, 29 of them were positif of Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes Simplex virus with the result of lab test were 35% positive IgG CMV, 21.7% positive Rubella IgG, 13.3% positive Toxoplasma IgG, and 8.3% positive HSV IgG. 3 One of the treatment that can be done is a cataract surgery. However, the cataract surgery is not enough to overcome the congenital cataract.…”