Identification of thoracic isomerism from the plain chest radiograph

The Syndrome of Left Isomerism

“…To our knowledge, only a few cases of right isomerism with interruption of the inferior vena cava have been described previously. [31][32][33] Similarly, interruption of the inferior vena cava in situs solitus of the chest as a benign vascular malformation has been described but is also rare. 7,34 Autopsy studies have shown that recognition of the morphologic characteristics of the isomeric atrial appendages is the best guide to the existence of the 2 entities in heterotaxy syndromes.…”

Complete Tracheal Duplication in an Adult With Thoracic Aortic Coarctation

“…Left thoracic isomerism is usually associated with polysplenia and various cardiovascular malformations including double outlet right ventricle, leftsided obstructive lesions, ventricular septal defects, interruption of the inferior vena cava with hemiazygous vein continuation and anomalies of systemic and pulmonary venous return. 8,11 We believe that this case represents the only report of complete tracheal duplication in an adult. Previously published reports have been in young children.…”

“…Soto et al 8 described an association between thoracic isomerism and congenital cardiac malformations. The term ''isomerism,'' coined by Van Mierop et al, 8,9 describes symmetrical anatomic morphology. In the case of the thoracic isomerism, right and left lungs, their airways and pulmonary vessels are symmetrical.…”

Isolated Left Thoracic Isomerism with Lung Cancer: Report of a Case

“…2,3 In the normal human body, the right main bronchus lies cranial to its pulmonary artery (eparterial), and the left main bronchus lies caudal to its pulmonary artery (hyparterial). In our patient, both main bronchi were hyparterial.…”