Identification of the typical metal particles among haze, fog, and clear episodes in the Beijing atmosphere

Hu, Yunjie; Lin, Jun; Zhang, Suanqin; Kong, Lingdong; Fu, Hongbo; Chen, Jianmin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.071

Cited by 71 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Among the analyzed metals, Al and Fe were the dominant elements at all sites, while median concentrations were highest at XT (Al: 537 µg L ). Titanium is a crustal element as well, with frequent occurrence in mineral and fly ash (Hu et al 2015). The Ti concentrations were low at all four sites, while highest at ).…”

Section: Ion and Metal Concentrations In Fog Watermentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Aluminum may originate from the earth's crustal as well as from industrial sources. The main sources of iron in particles are steel industries and heavy fuel oil combustion (Hu et al, 2015), while minor Fe, which is also a compound of minerals, may be of crustal origin (e.g., windblown soil dusts). Among the analyzed metals, Al and Fe were the dominant elements at all sites, while median concentrations were highest at XT (Al: 537 µg L ).…”

Section: Ion and Metal Concentrations In Fog Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the metals in fog typically originate from local emission sources (Hu et al, 2015). This makes metals in fog water very good indicators for local anthropogenic pollution of fog water.…”

Section: Comparison Of Chemical Characteristics Between the Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Composition of Fog Water at Four Sites in Taiwan

Šimon

Klemm

El-Madany

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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This study characterizes and compares the chemical composition of fog water at four sites in Taiwan. Fog was sampled with identical active fog collectors (modified Caltech design) using identical sampling strategies at all four sites. While the sites varied largely in terms of altitude above mean sea level (asl), type of fog, and the potential sources of constituents in fog water, the chemical composition of fog water was in all cases clearly dominated by H + , NH 4 + , NO 3 -and SO 4 2-, making up more than 85% of the total ion concentrations. The pH ranged from 2.27 to 5.95.Sulfur dioxide emissions from coal combustion in Mainland China and Taiwan as well as nitrogen oxide emissions from urbanized central-west Taiwan and the greater Taipei region were the main precursors of fog acidity. Ammonia, originating from agriculture emissions, was the main neutralizer. The Kinmen site (48 m asl), situated on an island close to Mainland China, exhibited the lowest pH and the highest sulfate concentrations. At the Xitou site on the western slopes of the Taiwan Central Mountain Range (1150 m asl), ammonium from agriculture dominated and lead to relatively high pH. At the same time, the nitrate/sulfate ratio was highest at this site (> 1 in equivalent units), resulting from relatively large contributions from street traffic. The ion concentrations at the Chilan site (1650 m asl) and the Lulin high mountain site (2862 m asl) were much lower than those at Xitou and Kinmen. While the ion concentrations at Chilan were considerably lower than at Lulin, the ion loadings, which is the amount of dissolved ions per volume of air, were similar at Chilan and Lulin.

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Section: Ion and Metal Concentrations In Fog Watermentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Ion and Metal Concentrations In Fog Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Composition of Fog Water at Four Sites in Taiwan

Šimon

Klemm

El-Madany

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…In situ burning generates great amount of microparticles which may aggravate fog and haze. [18] To lower this pressure, research was to prepare AC from cotton stalk. To prepare AC, the pyrolysis of agricultural waste is an important step in its thermal conversion, since it determines the split between three different phases: char, tar and gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and properties of cotton stalk carbon/gold nanoparticles composite

Zhu

Kuang

Shen

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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In this paper, cotton stalk is used as a low-cost raw material source to prepare activated carbon with a unique porous structure with the assistance of chemical treatment. Gold nanoparticles as a multifunction building block were in situ assembled onto the carbon material, endowing this hybrid more promising applications. The as-fabricated CS carbon/ AuNPs hybrid materials have been demonstrated to behave with catalytic and photothermal conversion properties, indicating that AuNPs successfully functionalise the activated carbon. The catalytic activity of the hybrid showed a glucose concentration-dependent effect (as low as 5 £ 10 ¡6 M). The water temperature of the sample containing the CS carbon/ Au NPs increased rapidly, and even reached 55 C, only exposed to light for 5 min. When used as catalyst of reduction of p-nitrophenol, the hybrid showed a good reusability up to10 cycles.

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“…In fact, in recent years the heavy metal pollution of atmospheric particles in Beijing has aroused great attention, and a lot of valuable work has been done to investigate their concentrations, pollution levels, sources, temporal variations, controlling measures, and so on [8,[10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, until now few studies have examined the detailed spatial distributions and ecological risks of the heavy metals in atmospheric particles based on highspatial-resolution sampling over the Beijing urban area due to the relatively heavy workload of the traditional filter membrane sampling method.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%