Identification of the Time-Varying Ventricular Parameters During the Ejection Phase of the Cardiac Cycle: The Martingale Optimality Principle Approach

Abstract

Physical parameters representing the energy components of the cardiac pump related to inertance, resistance, and compliance are developed. Stochastic calculus and the martingale optimality principle are used to estimate these time-varying parameters. The method is applied to the ejection phase of the cardiac cycle, using pressure and flow measured at the root of the aorta for the left ventricle. Another Malliavin-calculus-based approximate method is also reported. It is numerically tractable with higher accuracy.