Identification of the Neoplastically Transformed Cells in Marek's Disease Herpesvirus-Induced Lymphomas: Recognition by the Monoclonal Antibody AV37

Abstract

Understanding the interactions between herpesviruses and their host cells and also the interactions between neoplastically transformed cells and the host immune system is fundamental to understanding the mechanisms of herpesvirus oncology. However, this has been difficult as no animal models of herpesvirus-induced oncogenesis in the natural host exist in which neoplastically transformed cells are also definitively identified and may be studied in vivo.

Marek's Disease Viral Interleukin-8 Promotes Lymphoma Formation through Targeted Recruitment of B Cells and CD4 + CD25 + T Cells

“…Previous studies demonstrated that primary MDV tumor cells have a T reg phenotype, as transformed cells were shown to express well-established markers of regulatory T cells such as CD4 and CD25 (7,36). In this study, we were able to demonstrate that vIL-8 specifically binds to CD4 ϩ CD25 ϩ T cells, which suggests that vIL-8 might recruit these cells as a target for infection and transformation.…”

“…In this study, we were able to demonstrate that vIL-8 specifically binds to CD4 ϩ CD25 ϩ T cells, which suggests that vIL-8 might recruit these cells as a target for infection and transformation. As CD25 is a component of the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R), which promotes cell proliferation and increased viability of naïve T cells, it is possible that IL-2R signaling is subverted in the initial stages of transformation and immortalization, resulting in lymphomagenesis (7). Alternatively, it is tempting to speculate that the recruited CD4 ϩ CD25 ϩ T cells have a regulatory phenotype that might suppress antitumor immune responses.…”

“…MDV-transformed cells have a regulatory T-cell (T reg ) phenotype based on their cytokine and cell surface marker profiles, which include major histocompatibility complex class II, CD30, and CD25 (7,8,36). However, it remains unknown whether T reg s are directly infected or if infected cells instead acquire the T reg phenotype during MDV-induced transformation.…”

Differential protein analysis of chicken skin infected with Marek΄s disease virus

“…However, the expression of MHC class I molecules in cells infected with MDV seems to be variable. Some studies have reported the increased expression of MHC class I molecules and the β2M gene in CEFs infected with MDV, MD lymphoma and the feather pulp of MDV-infected chickens (Abdul-Careem et al, 2008;Burgess and Davison, 2002;Morgan et al, 2001). These findings show that host responses are generated in the skin and feathers, which could be exploited as targets for developing strategies to control MDV infection in the FFE, thus limiting horizontal virus transmission.…”

Down-Regulation of Promoter Methylation Level of CD4 Gene After MDV Infection in MD-Susceptible Chicken Line

“…Reverse transcription was carried out in 20 µl with 1 µg of total RNA by using SuperScript™ III Reverse Transcriptase (Invitrogen, USA) and oligo (dT) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] primers (Invitrogen, USA). Primers (Table 1) for quantitative real-time RT-PCR were designed by Primer3 online primer designer system (http://frodo.wi.mit.edu/).…”