Identification of the metabolites of TCM prescription Sinisan, found in miniature pig urine via intragastric administration

Preparation of Fe3O4@SW-MIL-101-NH2 for selective pre-concentration of chlorogenic acid metabolites in rat plasma, urine, and feces samples

“…The sample pretreatment method is an essential link in the quality analysis process, which determines the accuracy and reproducibility of the analytical results [ 43 ]. Some of the previously reported pretreatment methods for biological samples in metabolic studies, including SPE, liquid-liquid extraction, MSPE, and magnetic molecular imprinting, are summarized in Table 3 [ [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] ]. In this study, MSPE was employed for the first time as a preparation method for the determination of CA metabolites in biological samples.…”

“… Pretreatment method Extraction conditions Analytical method Time (min) Application Sample Refs. LLE 100 μL of sample and 300 μL of acetonitrile UPLC-Q-TOF MS >20 Quercetin-3- O -β-D-glucopyranosyl-(4–1)-α-L-rhamnoside metabolites Rat plasma, urine, and bile [ 44 ] LLE Dilute 200 mL of sample and CHCl 3 (600 mL)- n -BuOH (600 mL) HPLC-SPE-NMR coupled with HPLC-HRESIMS – Sinisan metabolites Rat urine [ 45 ] SPE 0.5 mL of sample eluted with 3.2 mL of MeOH UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF MS – Radix Paeoniae Alba extract metabolites Rat bile, plasma, and urine [ 46 ] MMIP 100 mg of feces eluted with methanol LC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS 73 Panax notoginseng metabolites Rat feces [ 47 ] MSPE 5 mL of sample-20 mg of HCP/Fe 3 O 4 eluted with 2 mL of ACN LC-MS/MS 10 Nitrofuran metabolites Honey [ 48 ] MSPE 20 mg of magnetic COFs eluted with 5 mL of MeOH LC-MS/MS 29 Aromatic amine metabolites Human urine [ 49 ] MSPE …”

In vivo and in vitro metabolism study of traditional Chinese medicine formula Dingkun Dan in rats by using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

“…Most of the absorbed components can be further metabolized by various metabolic enzymes in the body, which could be potential bioactive components (Zhang et al, 2017). According to the literature, terpenoids usually undergo hydroxylation, demethylation, methylation, reactions, or conjugation with sulfate and glucuronide (Lee et al, 2015; Zhao et al, 2018).…”

Systematically characterize the substance basis of Jinzhen oral liquid and their pharmacological mechanism using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS combined with network pharmacology analysis

“…There were still some unknown compounds which cannot be identified by LC-MS. NMR spectroscopy is very useful for structure elucidation, and HPLC-SPE-NMR has been applied in identifying compounds, like rapid analysis of isoflavonoids from the roots of Smirnowia iranica [ 14 ] and identification of metabolites of TCM prescription Sinisan in miniature pig urine via intragastric administration [ 15 ]. With the help of HPLC-SPE-NMR, these ambiguous structures in JZ may be clarified.…”