Identification of the Ferroptosis-Related Long Non-Coding RNAs Signature to Improve the Prognosis Prediction in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is one of the epithelial renal cell carcinoma (RCC) histological subtypes. Ferroptosis is a new iron-dependent form of cell death that has been seen in a variety of clinical situations. Using differentially expressed ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from patients with pRCC in The Cancer Genome Atlas; we built a prognostic lncRNA-based signature. We discovered seven different lncRNAs that were strongly linked to the prognosis of patients with pRCC. High-risk scores were linked to a poor prognosis for pRCC, which was confirmed by the findings of Kaplan–Meier studies. In addition, the constructed lncRNA signature has a 1-year area under the curve (AUC) of 0.908, suggesting that it has a high predictive value in pRCC. In the high-risk group, Gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) analysis identified immunological and tumor-related pathways. Furthermore, single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) revealed significant differences in T cell functions checkpoint, antigen presenting cell (APC) co-stimulation, inflammation promoting, and para inflammation between the two groups with different risk scores. In addition, immune checkpoints like PDCD1LG2 (PD-L2), LAG3, and IDO1 were expressed differently in the two risk groups. In summary, a novel signature based on ferroptosis-related lncRNAs could be applied in predicting the prognosis of patients with pRCC.

A novel Cuproptosis-related LncRNA signature to predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

“…Furthermore, comparing the prediction potential of several genetic markers can help researchers learn more about their prognostic significance. As a result, we compared the prediction capacity of the six gene signatures shown below: (1) the Cuproptosis-associated lncRNA signature constructed in this study; (2) the ferroptosis-related nine-lncRNA signature constructed by Xu et al 13 ; (3) the twelve immune-related lncRNA signature constructed by Hong et al 34 ; (4) the eleven lncRNA signature constructed by Wang et al 35 and (5) the eight m6A methyltransferase-related lncRNAs constructed by Li et al 12 ; (6) the eight ferroptosis- and immune-related lncRNA signature constructed by Huang et al 36 ; (7) the fourteen pyroptosis-Related lncRNAs signature and the five ferroptosis-related lncRNA signature constructed by Tang et al 37 , 38 . The results showed that although all the above signatures were more accurate predictors of patient prognosis, our six Cuproptosis-associated lncRNA signature contained the least number of genes and was relatively easy to apply clinically when compared to other prior signatures.…”

Long Non-Coding RNAs as Novel Biomarkers in the Clinical Management of Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Promise or a Pledge?

“…The expression of many lncRNAs is altered in pRCC. LncRNAs, together with miR-NAs and mRNAs, form intricate gene expression regulatory networks that play a crucial [134,136,[138][139][140][156][157][158][159]162,164,169,182,183].…”

“…In addition, the AUC values of 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates for the constructed signature were 0.908, 0.884, and 0.821, respectively, suggesting a high predictive value in pRCC. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses further revealed that the risk model was an independent factor with prognostic value for predicting the OS of patients with pRCC [183].…”

“…GAS6-AS1 seems to be the most promising, as it was confirmed as a prognostic biomarker in five different studies. [134,136,[138][139][140][156][157][158][159]162,164,169,182,183].…”

“…Figure 1. Prognostic lncRNA in pRCC patients, derived from refs[134,136,[138][139][140][156][157][158][159]162,164,169,182,183].…”