Identification of the cell surface receptor for bovine viral diarrhoea virus by using anti-idiotypic antibodies

Abstract

We have produced and characterized polyclonal antiidiotypic antibodies (anti-ids) that mimic the antigenic structures of gp53 from bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV). In this study, the anti-ids were used to identify cell receptors for BVDV. The anti-ids bound specifically to bovine cells, as determined by flow cytometric analysis, and inhibitory binding assays showed that they bound to the cell surface receptors for BVDV. A cell surface protein with an M,, of approximately 50K was immunoprecipitated by the anti-ids from MDBK cells; this was blocked by preincubation of cell lysate with BVDV. This indicates that the 50K protein might be a specific receptor for BVDV gp53. Thirteen BVDV strains were used to evaluate inhibition ofanti-id binding to MDBK cells and inhibition of BVDV infection of anti-id-treated MDBK cell monolayers. Results demonstrated that both processes were inhibited to varying degrees depending on virus strain. The results suggested that multiple receptors for BVDV attachment may exist on MDBK cells, and that different virus strains do not have the same receptor.

Inhibition of pestivirus infection in cell culture by envelope proteins E(rns) and E2 of classical swine fever virus: E(rns) and E2 interact with different receptors.

“…It is likely that the structure of the E2 receptor is important as well as the structure of E2 and E2 of CSFV and 5250 interacted with structurally different receptors on the cell surface of FBE cells. This is in line with the suggestion of Xue & Minocha (1993) that multiple receptors for E2 with different avidity for different BVDV strains may exist on the cell surface of bovine cells.…”

“…Their results suggested that additional surface proteins might be involved in pestivirus entry. Further studies regarding the interaction of E rns with the cell surface and further characterization of the surface proteins identified by Xue & Minocha (1993) and Schelp et al (1995) are needed to unravel the mechanism of pestivirus entry.…”

“…For E2, Xue & Minocha (1993) identified a 50 kDa cell surface protein as a specific receptor ; for E rns , the nature of the interaction of E rns with the cell surface has to be established before conclusions can be drawn. Recently, Schelp et al (1995) precipitated two bovine-specific cell surface proteins of 60 and 93 kDa with MAbs which efficiently inhibited the infection of bovine cells with BVDV.…”

“…The role of this glycoprotein in virus-cell interactions has been studied for BVDV. Using anti-idiotypic antibodies, Xue & Minocha (1993) identified a 50 kDa cell surface protein as an E2-specific receptor. No data are available about whether envelope protein E rns is involved in attachment to or entry of pestiviruses into susceptible cells.…”

Identification of a putative cellular receptor for bovine herpesvirus 1

“…Some of the receptors that have been identified are cell surface molecules of known functions (Dalgleish et al, 1984;Klatzman et at., 1984;Co et al, 1985;Breau et al, 1992;Delmas et aI., 1992;Yeager et al, 1992), the normal functions of others are unknown (Xue & Minocha, 1993). A number of these receptors have been identified by the use of viral glycoproteins, anti-receptor antibodies or anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-ids) mimicking viral epitopes involved in attachment or penetration (Noseworthy et al, 1983;Co et al, 1985;Marriott et al, 1987;Wang et al, 1991;Xue & Minocha, 1993). In this report, we describe the identification of a putative cellular receptor for bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) with anti-ids mimicking an epitope involved in virus penetration of host cells.…”