Identification of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Ethanolic Extracts From Aglaonema Commutatum Schott Leaves and Its Cultivars Against Escherichia Coli Strain

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts obtained from the leaves of Aglaonema commutatum Schott and its cultivars («Malay Beauty», «Silver Queen», and «Silver King») against Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers (ATCC® 25922™) strain. The leaves of Aglaonema commutatum plants and its cultivars, cultivated under glasshouse conditions, were sampled at M. M. Gryshko National Botanic Garden (NBG), National Academy of Science of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine). The leaves were brought into the laboratory for antimicrobial studies. Freshly sampled leaves were washed, weighed, and homogenized in 96% ethanol (in proportion 1:19) at room temperature. The extracts were then filtered and investigated for their antimicrobial activity. Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers (ATCC® 25922™) strain was used in our study. Antimicrobial activities of various ethanolic extracts obtained from leaves of Aglaonema commutatum plants and its cultivars («Malay Beauty», «Silver Queen», and «Silver King») against Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers (ATCC® 25922™) strain was screened in the current study. The testing of the antibacterial activity of the plant extracts was carried out in vitro by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The leaf extracts from A. commutatum «Silver Queen» and A. commutatum 'Silver King' exhibited higher inhibitory activity than the extracts from A. commutatum and A. commutatum «Malay Beauty». Maximum in vitro inhibition was scored by A. commutatum «Silver Queen», followed by A. commutatum «Silver King», A. commutatum, and A. commutatum «Malay Beauty». In particular, the leaf extracts from A. commutatum «Silver Queen» and A. commutatum 'Silver King' exhibited higher inhibitory activity than the extracts from A. commutatum and A. commutatum «Malay Beauty». Maximum in vitro inhibition was scored by A. commutatum «Silver Queen», followed by A. commutatum «Silver King», A. commutatum, and A. commutatum «Malay Beauty», which presented inhibition zones of (18.6±1.2) mm, (16.1±0.9) mm, (15.7±1.1) mm, and (13.5±1.0) mm, respectively. In the case of the positive controls, 96% ethanol possesses a mild anti-E. coli effect, which presented inhibition zones of (9.5±1.2) mm. The inhibition zone diameters were increased by 96% (p<0.05) for A. commutatum «Silver Queen», by 69 % (p<0.05) for A. commutatum «Silver King», by 65 % (p<0.05) for A. commutatum, and by 42 % (p<0.05) for A. commutatum «Malay Beauty». Thus, the use of these plants in traditional medicine and veterinary medicine was experimentally confirmed as a potential source of raw materials for the development of medicines in the future, as well as for the development of innovative feed for farm animals.

Antibacterial Activity of Extracts Derived from Leaves of Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem. (Moraceae) and its Cultivars against Three Aeromonas spp. Strains

“…Only extract derived from leaves of F. elastica 'Variegata' (5 mg.mL -1 ) caused the decrease in TBARS level (by 29.2% p <0.05) compared to untreated controls. Among extracts studied (0.5 mg.mL -1 ), F. elastica 'Burgundy' exhibited the lowest TBARS level (decreased by 33.5%, p <0.05) while in dose 5 mg.mL -1 , F. elastica 'Variegata' decreased TBARS level by 29.2% (p <0.05) (Opryshko et al, 2020).…”

“…Moreover, in our previous study (Opryshko et al, 2020), we evaluated the in vitro possible antioxidant effects of extracts derived from leaves of F. elastica and its cultivars (Rubra, Robusta, Burgundy, Variegata) using oxidative stress biomarker [2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation] using of human erythrocytes as a cell model after incubation with plant extracts in two doses (5.0 and 0.5 mg.mL -1 ). Our results revealed that treatment of human erythrocytes by extracts derived from leaves of F. elastica and its cultivars 'Rubra' and 'Burgundy' in the dose of 0.5 mg.mL -1 caused a statistically significant decrease of TBARS level by 27.3% (p <0.05), 32.4% (p <0.05), and 33.5% (p <0.05), respectively.…”

Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Aglaonema commutatum Schott and its Cultivars against Enterococcus faecalis Strains

“…In our previous study, we also investigated the antibacterial properties of ethanolic extracts derived from Aglaonema commutatum and its cultivars against various strains (Opryshko et al, 2019(Opryshko et al, , 2020a. In the current study, we used two Enterococcus faecalis strains, i.e.…”