Identification of the Alarm Pheromone of Cowpea Aphid, and Comparison With Two Other Aphididae Species

Loudit, Sandrine Mariella Bayendi; Boullis, Antoine; Verheggen, François; Francis, Frédéric

doi:10.1093/jisesa/iex097

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In our alarm‐response assays we found a fraction of ~35% peach aphids responding to pyrethrum flower volatiles. This is in line with studies reporting 20–40% of peach aphids responding to 50–500 ng synthetic EβF (Bayendi Loudit et al ., ). It is common across species that only a fraction of the aphids respond to alarm pheromones, which probably balances the advantages of sustaining the colony with the risks of starting a new one (de Vos et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Defense of pyrethrum flowers: repelling herbivores and recruiting carnivores by producing aphid alarm pheromone

Mao

et al. 2019

New Phytologist

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Summary (E)‐β‐Farnesene (EβF) is the predominant constituent of the alarm pheromone of most aphid pest species. Moreover, natural enemies of aphids use EβF to locate their aphid prey. Some plant species emit EβF, potentially as a defense against aphids, but field demonstrations are lacking. Here, we present field and laboratory studies of flower defense showing that ladybird beetles are predominantly attracted to young stage‐2 pyrethrum flowers that emitted the highest and purest levels of EβF. By contrast, aphids were repelled by EβF emitted by S2 pyrethrum flowers. Although peach aphids can adapt to pyrethrum plants in the laboratory, aphids were not recorded in the field. Pyrethrum's (E)‐β‐farnesene synthase (EbFS) gene is strongly expressed in inner cortex tissue surrounding the vascular system of the aphid‐preferred flower receptacle and peduncle, leading to elongated cells filled with EβF. Aphids that probe these tissues during settlement encounter and ingest plant EβF, as evidenced by the release in honeydew. These EβF concentrations in honeydew induce aphid alarm responses, suggesting an extra layer of this defense. Collectively, our data elucidate a defensive mimicry in pyrethrum flowers: the developmentally regulated and tissue‐specific EβF accumulation and emission both prevents attack by aphids and recruits aphid predators as bodyguards.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Defense of pyrethrum flowers: repelling herbivores and recruiting carnivores by producing aphid alarm pheromone

Mao

et al. 2019

New Phytologist

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“…β-farnesene belongs to the sesquiterpene class. It is naturally produced by many plant species and by aphids as an alarm pheromone 74 . More recently, it is also studied as a potential anti-inflammatory modulator of human neutrophils 75 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synecology of Lagoecia cuminoides L. in Italy and evaluation of functional compounds presence in its water or hydroalcoholic extracts

Perrino,

Mahmoud,

Valerio

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Lagoecia cuminoides L. is a very rare and threatened taxon in Italy, never studied before for its ecology and potential use for human consumption. Furthermore, few data are available on the biological activities of its metabolites. A phytosociological study was carried out in the only two Italian sites, and its state of conservation was also evaluated according to the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) protocol. The collected plant material was used to make two types of extracts: hot water infusion to evaluate the use of this plant as tea and hydroalcoholic extraction to evaluate the use of it in herbal liqueur preparation. The presence of functional compounds in the extracts were investigated by gas and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry techniques. Ten non volatiles compounds were identified in the extracts, most of which derivatives of quercetin. Thirty-five volatiles compounds were also identified in the plant aerial part and extracts belonging to the chemical class of terpenoids, and among them β-farnesene, thymol, γ-terpinene and p-cymene were the most abundant. The species is characterized by compounds known for their health effects and for its potential applications for human consumption, being this species already used as decoction in some countries of Middle East. Thanks to its characteristic behaviour to grow in limiting pedoclimatic conditions this species can be potentially used in organic farms situated in rural marginal areas.

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“…For example, (E)-β-farnesene (EβF) is a VOC that serves as an alarm pheromone in numerous aphid species. It is released in response to a predator attack, inducing dispersal behaviour in conspecifics [85]. Lin and colleagues [12] demonstrated that EβF release induced the dispersal of M. persicae and M. euphorbiae influencing the spread of phytoviruses under laboratory conditions.…”

Section: Biochemical Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aphid–Plant–Phytovirus Pathosystems: Influencing Factors from Vector Behaviour to Virus Spread

Mabola

Francis

2021

Agriculture

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Aphids are responsible for the spread of more than half of the known phytovirus species. Virus transmission within the plant–aphid–phytovirus pathosystem depends on vector mobility which allows the aphid to reach its host plant and on vector efficiency in terms of ability to transmit phytoviruses. However, several other factors can influence the phytoviruses transmission process and have significant epidemiological consequences. In this review, we aimed to analyse the aphid behaviours and influencing factors affecting phytovirus spread. We discussed the impact of vector host-seeking and dispersal behaviours mostly involved in aphid-born phytovirus spread but also the effect of feeding behaviours and life history traits involved in plant–aphid–phytovirus relationships on vector performances. We also noted that these behaviours are influenced by factors inherent to the interactions between pathosystem components (mode of transmission of phytoviruses, vector efficiency, plant resistance, …) and several biological, biochemical, chemical or physical factors related to the environment of these pathosystem components, most of them being manipulated as means to control vector-borne diseases in the crop fields.

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Identification of the Alarm Pheromone of Cowpea Aphid, and Comparison With Two Other Aphididae Species

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Defense of pyrethrum flowers: repelling herbivores and recruiting carnivores by producing aphid alarm pheromone

Defense of pyrethrum flowers: repelling herbivores and recruiting carnivores by producing aphid alarm pheromone

Synecology of Lagoecia cuminoides L. in Italy and evaluation of functional compounds presence in its water or hydroalcoholic extracts

Aphid–Plant–Phytovirus Pathosystems: Influencing Factors from Vector Behaviour to Virus Spread

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